Effects of expanded polystyrene (EPS) particles on fire resistance, thermal conductivity and compressive strength of foamed concrete

Abstract This paper deals with the contribution of expanded polystyrene (EPS) particles on fire resistance, thermal conductivity and compressive strength of foamed concrete. The foamed (FC) and polystyrene foamed (PFC) concrete were designed for densities ranging from 1200 kg/m3 to 150 kg/m3 with an EPS volume range of 0–82.22% and water-cement ratio of 0.33. The foamed concrete (FC) with a density of 800 kg/m3 and an EPS volume of 0% was designed as reference for polystyrene foamed concrete. The results indicated that increasing the volume of EPS causes a significant reduction of thermal conductivity, fire endurance and compressive strength of concrete.

[1]  Tayfun Uygunoğlu,et al.  Investigation of properties of low-strength lightweight concrete for thermal insulation , 2007 .

[2]  Min Liu,et al.  Hydration heat effect of cement pastes modified with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether and expanded perlite , 2013, Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed..

[3]  B. Chen,et al.  Contribution of fibres to the properties of EPS lightweight concrete , 2009 .

[4]  İbrahim Türkmen,et al.  Effects of expanded perlite aggregate and different curing conditions on the physical and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete , 2007 .

[5]  Abdulkadir Kan,et al.  Thermal conductivity and shrinkage properties of modified waste polystyrene aggregate concretes , 2012 .

[6]  Mesut B. Ozdeniz,et al.  The effect of moisture content on sound absorption of expanded perlite plates , 2005 .

[7]  Hiroki Tamai,et al.  Shock-absorbing capability of lightweight concrete utilizing volcanic pumice aggregate , 2015 .

[8]  U. J. Alengaram,et al.  Experimental Investigation on the Properties of Lightweight Concrete Containing Waste Oil Palm Shell Aggregate , 2015 .

[9]  I. Topcu,et al.  Effect of expanded perlite aggregate on the properties of lightweight concrete , 2008 .

[10]  Ahmad Ruslan Mohd Ridzuan,et al.  Optimisation of foamed concrete mix of different sand-cement ratio and curing conditions , 2005 .

[11]  K. Ramamurthy,et al.  A classification of studies on properties of foam concrete , 2009 .

[12]  C. Favotto,et al.  Effects of the addition of glass fibers, mica and vermiculite on the mechanical properties of a gypsum-based composite at room temperature and during a fire test , 2014 .

[13]  Jinxia Xu,et al.  Mechanical properties of expanded polystyrene lightweight aggregate concrete and brick , 2012 .

[14]  Miguel Nepomuceno,et al.  Experimental evaluation of cement mortars with phase change material incorporated via lightweight expanded clay aggregate , 2014 .

[15]  O. Gencel,et al.  Combined effect of silica fume and expanded vermiculite on properties of lightweight mortars at ambient and elevated temperatures , 2015 .

[16]  C. Bagon,et al.  Marine floating concrete made with polystyrene expanded beads , 1976 .

[17]  C. Boulay,et al.  Taking into account the inclusions' size in lightweight concrete compressive strength prediction , 2005 .

[18]  Weiqing Liu,et al.  Preparation and characterization of super low density foamed concrete from Portland cement and admixtures , 2014 .

[19]  A. Vasan,et al.  Effect of Perlite on Thermal Conductivity of Self Compacting Concrete , 2013 .

[20]  Karam Sab,et al.  Compressive behavior of an idealized EPS lightweight concrete: size effects and failure mode , 2004 .

[21]  F. Tittarelli,et al.  Effect of hydrophobic admixture and recycled aggregate on physical–mechanical properties and durability aspects of no-fines concrete , 2014 .

[22]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  The effect of steel fibres on the enhancement of flexural and compressive toughness and fracture characteristics of oil palm shell concrete , 2014 .

[23]  E. Kearsley,et al.  The effect of porosity on the strength of foamed concrete , 2002 .

[24]  Jorge de Brito,et al.  Use of plastic waste as aggregate in cement mortar and concrete preparation: A review , 2012 .

[25]  Ramazan Demirboga,et al.  Effects of expanded perlite aggregate and mineral admixtures on the compressive strength of low-density concretes , 2001 .

[26]  Mehmet Gesoǧlu,et al.  Durability aspect of concretes composed of cold bonded and sintered fly ash lightweight aggregates , 2013 .

[27]  E. Kearsley,et al.  Ash content for optimum strength of foamed concrete , 2002 .

[28]  P. Morabito,et al.  Measurement of the thermal properties of different concretes , 1989 .

[29]  D.C.L. Teo,et al.  Properties of EPS RHA lightweight concrete bricks under different curing conditions , 2011 .

[30]  Bing Chen,et al.  Mechanical properties of polymer-modified concretes containing expanded polystyrene beads , 2007 .

[31]  R. Sharma,et al.  Impact resistance of concrete containing waste rubber fiber and silica fume , 2015 .

[32]  K. Venkataramana,et al.  PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATES BY EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE BEADS IN CONCRETE , 2014 .

[33]  Waiching Tang,et al.  Creep and creep recovery properties of polystyrene aggregate concrete , 2014 .

[34]  U. J. Alengaram,et al.  Compressive behaviour of lightweight oil palm shell concrete incorporating slag , 2015 .

[35]  N. Thom,et al.  On void structure and strength of foamed concrete made without/with additives , 2015 .

[36]  K. Ganesh Babu,et al.  Effect of polystyrene aggregate size on strength and moisture migration characteristics of lightweight concrete , 2006 .

[37]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  A comparison of the thermal conductivity of oil palm shell foamed concrete with conventional materials , 2013 .

[38]  Mohamed Lachemi,et al.  Application of statistical models in proportioning lightweight self-consolidating concrete with expanded clay aggregates , 2014 .

[39]  Waiching Tang,et al.  Bond performance of polystyrene aggregate concrete (PAC) reinforced with glass-fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars , 2008 .

[40]  E. Kearsley,et al.  The effect of high fly ash content on the compressive strength of foamed concrete , 2001 .

[41]  B. Nait‐Ali,et al.  Impact of perlite, vermiculite and cement on the thermal conductivity of a plaster composite material: Experimental and numerical approaches , 2015 .

[42]  Parviz Soroushian,et al.  Mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete made with natural pumice , 2011 .

[43]  V. Bindiganavile,et al.  Impact response of lightweight mortars containing expanded perlite , 2013 .

[44]  M. Yazdani,et al.  The relation between particle density and static elastic moduli of lightweight expanded clay aggregates , 2014 .

[45]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  Shear strength of oil palm shell foamed concrete beams , 2009 .

[46]  J. Khatib,et al.  Lightweight Concrete Made from Waste Polystyrene and Fly Ash , 2013 .

[47]  Christopher R. Cheeseman,et al.  Lightweight mortars containing expanded polystyrene and paper sludge ash , 2014 .

[48]  Luca Bertolini,et al.  Use of no-fines concrete as a building material: Strength, durability properties and corrosion protection of embedded steel , 2013 .

[49]  Fatih Bektas,et al.  Use of perlite powder to suppress the alkali–silica reaction , 2005 .

[50]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  A new method of producing high strength oil palm shell lightweight concrete , 2011 .

[51]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  Strength evaluation of oil palm stem trussed rafters , 2006 .

[52]  Saulo Güths,et al.  Mechanical and thermal properties of lightweight concretes with vermiculite and EPS using air-entraining agent , 2014 .

[53]  Rudolf Hela,et al.  Durability of Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate Concrete , 2013 .

[54]  D.D.L. Chung,et al.  Effects of silica fume, latex, methylcellulose, and carbon fibers on the thermal conductivity and specific heat of cement paste , 1997 .

[55]  U. J. Alengaram,et al.  Engineering properties of oil palm shell lightweight concrete containing fly ash , 2013 .

[56]  K. Ganesh Babu,et al.  Properties of lightweight expanded polystyrene aggregate concretes containing fly ash , 2005 .

[57]  Filiz Karaosmanoglu,et al.  Effect of expanded perlite on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of lightweight conc , 2011 .

[58]  Maddalena Carsana,et al.  Corrosion behavior of reinforced no-fines concrete , 2013 .

[59]  H. Atahan,et al.  A comparison of strength and elastic properties between conventional and lightweight structural concretes designed with expanded clay aggregates , 2015 .

[60]  S H Perry,et al.  Mix details and material behaviour of polystyrene aggregate concrete , 1991 .

[61]  Turan Özturan,et al.  Strength and elastic properties of structural lightweight concretes , 2011 .

[62]  K. Ramamurthy,et al.  Influence of filler type on the properties of foam concrete , 2006 .

[63]  Mohamed Lachemi,et al.  Lightweight concrete incorporating pumice based blended cement and aggregate: Mechanical and durability characteristics , 2011 .

[64]  Mucahit Sutcu,et al.  Influence of expanded vermiculite on physical properties and thermal conductivity of clay bricks , 2015 .

[65]  R. Ravindrarajah,et al.  Properties of hardened concrete containing treated expanded polystyrene beads , 1994 .

[66]  Bing Chen,et al.  Experimental application of mineral admixtures in lightweight concrete with high strength and workability , 2008 .

[67]  R. Demirboga,et al.  Effect of cement and EPS beads ratios on compressive strength and density of lightweight concrete , 2007 .

[68]  Khandaker M. A. Hossain,et al.  Bond characteristics of plain and deformed bars in lightweight pumice concrete , 2008 .

[69]  T. Y. Lo,et al.  The effects of aggregate properties on lightweight concrete , 2007 .

[70]  M. Ayhan,et al.  Effect of basic pumice on morphologic properties of interfacial transition zone in load-bearing lightweight/semi-lightweight concretes , 2011 .

[71]  M. Tokyay,et al.  Use of perlite as a pozzolanic addition in producing blended cements , 2007 .

[72]  K. Ganesh Babu,et al.  BEHAVIOUR OF LIGHTWEIGHT EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE CONCRETE CONTAINING SILICA FUME , 2003 .

[73]  Gilles Peix,et al.  Characterization and Simulation of Microstructure and Properties of EPS Lightweight Concrete , 2007 .

[74]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  Durability and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash , 2016 .

[75]  S. H. Perry,et al.  POLYSTYRENE AGGREGATE CONCRETE SUBJECTED TO HARD IMPACT. , 1990 .

[76]  Ning Liu,et al.  Experimental study of the influence of EPS particle size on the mechanical properties of EPS lightweight concrete , 2014 .

[77]  Ahmet B. Kizilkanat,et al.  Properties of concrete with pumice powder and fly ash as cement replacement materials , 2015 .

[78]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  Utilization of oil palm kernel shell as lightweight aggregate in concrete - a review , 2013 .

[79]  Juan Vilches,et al.  The development of novel infill materials for composite structural assemblies , 2014 .

[80]  Yee Ling Lee,et al.  Fresh and hardened properties of lightweight foamed concrete with palm oil fuel ash as filler , 2013 .

[81]  U. J. Alengaram,et al.  Characteristics of palm oil clinker as replacement for oil palm shell in lightweight concrete subjected to elevated temperature , 2015 .

[82]  A. Sivakumar,et al.  Accelerated curing effects on the mechanical performance of cold bonded and sintered fly ash aggregate concrete , 2015 .

[83]  T. H. Wee,et al.  Air-Void System of Foamed Concrete and its Effect on Mechanical Properties , 2006 .

[84]  Abdullah,et al.  Utilization of Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) in Producing Lightweight Foamed Concrete for Non-structural Building Material☆ , 2015 .

[85]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  Oil palm shell as a lightweight aggregate for production high strength lightweight concrete , 2011 .

[86]  Murat Kurt,et al.  The effect of pumice powder on the self-compactability of pumice aggregate lightweight concrete , 2016 .

[87]  Bing Chen,et al.  A novel lightweight concrete-fabrication and its thermal and mechanical properties , 2013 .

[89]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  Mechanical and fresh properties of sustainable oil palm shell lightweight concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash , 2016 .

[90]  D. S. Babu,et al.  Performance of fly ash concretes containing lightweight EPS aggregates , 2004 .

[91]  K. Ramamurthy,et al.  Air‐void characterisation of foam concrete , 2007 .

[92]  Martyn Jones,et al.  Preliminary views on the potential of foamed concrete as a structural material , 2005 .

[93]  Karam Sab,et al.  Particle size effect on EPS lightweight concrete compressive strength: Experimental investigation and modelling , 2007 .

[94]  A. Kilic,et al.  EXPANDED PERLITE AGGREGATE CHARACTERIZATION FOR USE AS A LIGHTWEIGHT CONSTRUCTION RAW MATERIAL , 2013 .

[95]  Fernando Pacheco-Torgal,et al.  Properties and durability of concrete containing polymeric wastes (tyre rubber and polyethylene terephthalate bottles): An overview , 2012 .

[96]  K. Ramamurthy,et al.  Sorption Characteristics of Foam Concrete , 2007 .

[97]  I. Demir,et al.  Effect of silica fume and expanded perlite addition on the technical properties of the fly ash–lime–gypsum mixture , 2008 .

[98]  Ł. Kotwica,et al.  Study of pozzolanic action of ground waste expanded perlite by means of thermal methods , 2015, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry.

[99]  Jorge de Brito,et al.  Influence of curing conditions on the mechanical performance of concrete containing recycled plastic aggregate , 2012 .

[100]  P. K. Mehta,et al.  Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and Materials , 2005 .

[101]  E. Kearsley,et al.  Porosity and permeability of foamed concrete , 2001 .

[102]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  Feasibility study of high volume slag as cement replacement for sustainable structural lightweight oil palm shell concrete , 2015 .

[103]  Mohd Zamin Jumaat,et al.  Impact resistance of hybrid fibre-reinforced oil palm shell concrete , 2014 .

[104]  P. Cady,et al.  Compressive strength studies on portland cement mortars containing fly ash and superplasticizer , 1980 .

[105]  U. Johnson Alengaram,et al.  Shear Behaviour of Reinforced Palm Kernel ShellConcrete Beams , 2011 .

[106]  T. Y. Lo,et al.  Manufacturing of sintered lightweight aggregate using high-carbon fly ash and its effect on the mechanical properties and microstructure of concrete , 2016 .

[107]  M. Jumaat,et al.  A comparison study of the mechanical properties and drying shrinkage of oil palm shell and expanded clay lightweight aggregate concretes , 2014 .

[108]  Ran Huang,et al.  EFFECT OF AGGREGATE PROPERTIES ON THE STRENGTH AND STIFFNESS OF LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE , 2003 .

[109]  Bing Chen,et al.  Experimental study of lightweight expanded polystyrene aggregate concrete containing silica fume and polypropylene fibers , 2010 .

[110]  Meysam Najimi,et al.  Properties of multi-strength grade EPS concrete containing silica fume and rice husk ash , 2012 .

[111]  V. Ferrandiz-Mas,et al.  Durability of expanded polystyrene mortars , 2013 .

[112]  M. Granata.  Pumice powder as filler of self-compacting concrete , 2015 .

[113]  Bing Chen,et al.  Properties of lightweight expanded polystyrene concrete reinforced with steel fiber , 2004 .

[114]  O. Gencel,et al.  Experimental and numerical analysis of new bricks made up of polymer modified-cement using expanded vermiculite , 2013 .

[115]  D. D. L. Chung,et al.  Effect of admixtures on thermal and thermomechanical behavior of cement paste , 1999 .

[116]  R. Gül,et al.  Thermal conductivity and compressive strength of expanded perlite aggregate concrete with mineral admixtures , 2003 .

[117]  Zainab Z Ismail,et al.  Use of waste plastic in concrete mixture as aggregate replacement. , 2008, Waste management.

[118]  Ramazan Demirboga,et al.  The effects of expanded perlite aggregate, silica fume and fly ash on the thermal conductivity of lightweight concrete , 2003 .

[119]  Jorge de Brito,et al.  Mechanical characterization of concrete produced with recycled lightweight expanded clay aggregate concrete , 2015 .