Investigating the Exposition Rate of Regulatory Genes of Cell Cycle Phase G2/M in Patients With Stomach Adenocarcinoma by the Meal Prescription of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Before and After Chemotherapy

Introduction Cancer is a hyperactive disorder which includes the evolution of morphological cells, disorder in regulating the apoptosis, as well as, uncontrolled cellular propagation, aggression, angiogenesis, and metastasis (1). In addition, cancer can originate from each part. Prognosis and precaution for survival in individuals with cancer depend on the location from which cancer is rooted, as well as the clinical symptoms, and treatment choices of patient status. Further, stomach adenocarcinoma is the second most common cancer in the world and its prevalence varies in different countries. This kind of cancer is relatively rare in North America, however, a large number of deaths are reported from cancer (2-5). According to recent reports in North America, gastric cancer after colorectal and pancreatic cancers is the third reported malignant disease and the third malignancy which leads to death (4). Despite a decline in its global incidence, stomach adenocarcinoma accounts for 3% to 10% of the total cancer deaths. In countries like Japan, the survival rate for gastric cancer steadily improved while no improvement was observed in North America. Although advances were made in surgery and chemotherapy, there is significant mortality related to gastric cancer. Ninety percent of the stomach cancer cases are malignant and stomach adenocarcinoma includes 95% of all these cancers. Unfortunately, the total survival rate Abstract Objectives: Cancer is a hyperactive disorder which can cause uncontrolled propagation of the cells. Several reports indicated that omega polyunsaturated fatty acids can prove their own antitumor effects on different cancerous cells by stopping the operation of the cellular cycle. Therefore, this study mainly aimed to investigate the impact of omega polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the exposition rate of genes CDK1, CyclinB1, and the cellular cycle of the stomach cancerous tissue in under-chemotherapy patients with stomach adenocarcinoma. Materials and Methods: The present study was a double-blind clinical trial in which neither the oncologist nor the patients were aware of the treatment before and after the intervention. The patients with stomach adenocarcinoma were first recognized and subjected to chemotherapy. A total of 24 patients were randomly selected and included in the case and control groups. The patients in the control group were treated with cisplatin and placebo while those of the case group first received cisplatin with the complementary capsule of fatty acids, namely, Natural Factors Ultimate Omega Factors with a dose of 1200 mg and 3600 mg daily, encompassing three 1200 mg medicines each course for 3 weeks. Three samples of the stomach biopsy were taken from all patients before and after the chemotherapy. All mRNA tissues were extracted out of the biopsy samples. Then, DNA was synthesized based on these samples and the exposition rate of the desired genes was measured using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: There was a significant decrease in the mean of exposition of the genes in the case group (P = 0.021) compared to the control group (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Generally, the results revealed that using omega fatty acids 3, 6, and 9 along with cisplatin medicine can be effective in stopping the cell cycle phase G2 in cancerous cells of the stomach tissue.