Trypanosoma vivax – out of Africa

§The Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Dept of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK OX3 9DS. A long-held approach to dealing with spatial complexity in malaria epidemiology has been to classify malarious zones along a stable–unstable gradient1,2. Stable malaria exists where the basic reproductive rate or number of malaria (R0) regularly exceeds unity. R0 is described by Eqn 1:

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