On the link between ocean biota emissions, aerosol, and maritime clouds: Airborne, ground, and satellite measurements off the coast of California

Surface, airborne, and satellite measurements over the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of California during the period between 2005 and 2007 are used to explore the relationship between ocean chlorophyll a, aerosol, and marine clouds. Periods of enhanced chlorophyll a and wind speed are coincident with increases in particulate diethylamine and methanesulfonate concentrations. The measurements indicate that amines are a source of secondary organic aerosol in the marine atmosphere. Subsaturated aerosol hygroscopic growth measurements indicate that the organic component during periods of high chlorophyll a and wind speed exhibit considerable water uptake ability. Increased average cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) activity during periods of increased chlorophyll a levels likely results from both size distribution and aerosol composition changes. The available data over the period of measurements indicate that the cloud microphysical response, as represented by either cloud droplet number concentration or cloud droplet effective radius, is likely influenced by a combination of atmospheric dynamics and aerosol perturbations during periods of high chlorophyll a concentrations.

[1]  R. Draxler.  HYSPLIT (HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model access via NOAA ARL READY Website , 2010 .

[2]  Q. Min,et al.  An assessment of aerosol-cloud interactions in marine stratus clouds based on surface remote sensing , 2009 .

[3]  J. Seinfeld,et al.  Aerosol hygroscopicity in the marine atmosphere: a closure study using high-time-resolution, multiple-RH DASH-SP and size-resolved C-ToF-AMS data , 2009 .

[4]  B. Turpin,et al.  Secondary organic aerosol production from aqueous photooxidation of glycolaldehyde: Laboratory experiments , 2009 .

[5]  Maria Cristina Facchini,et al.  Important source of marine secondary organic aerosol from biogenic amines. , 2008, Environmental science & technology.

[6]  J. Seinfeld,et al.  Comprehensive airborne characterization of aerosol from a major bovine source , 2008 .

[7]  H. Hansson,et al.  The Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) properties of 2-methyltetrols and C3-C6 polyols from osmolality and surface tension measurements , 2008 .

[8]  Aerosol hygroscopicity in the marine atmosphere: a closure study using high-resolution, size-resolved AMS and multiple-RH DASH-SP data , 2008 .

[9]  D. Ceburnis,et al.  Primary submicron marine aerosol dominated by insoluble organic colloids and aggregates , 2008 .

[10]  Rodney J. Weber,et al.  Enhanced secondary organic aerosol formation due to water uptake by fine particles , 2008 .

[11]  A. C. Lewis,et al.  Evaluation of the global oceanic isoprene source and its impacts on marine organic carbon aerosol , 2008 .

[12]  Rainer Volkamer,et al.  Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Acetylene (C 2 H 2 ): seed effect on SOA yields due to organic photochemistry in the aerosol aqueous phase , 2008 .

[13]  Lack of correlation between chlorophyll a and cloud droplet effective radius in shallow marine clouds , 2008 .

[14]  Meinrat O. Andreae,et al.  Aerosol cloud precipitation interactions. Part 1. The nature and sources of cloud-active aerosols , 2008 .

[15]  R. Harrison,et al.  Tropospheric New Particle Formation and the Role of Ions , 2008 .

[16]  E. Bigg,et al.  The composition of fragments of bubbles bursting at the ocean surface , 2008 .

[17]  A. L. Corrigan,et al.  Uptake of glyoxal by organic and Inorganic aerosol. , 2008, Environmental science & technology.

[18]  J. Seinfeld,et al.  Rapid, Size-Resolved Aerosol Hygroscopic Growth Measurements: Differential Aerosol Sizing and Hygroscopicity Spectrometer Probe (DASH-SP) , 2008 .

[19]  The Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) properties of 2-methyltetrols and C3–C6 polyols from osmolality and surface tension measurements (Discussion paper) , 2008 .

[20]  John P. Burrows,et al.  Global budgets of atmospheric glyoxal and methylglyoxal, and implications for formation of secondary organic aerosols , 2007 .

[21]  Q. Min,et al.  The role of adiabaticity in the aerosol first indirect effect , 2007 .

[22]  H. Maring,et al.  Chemical and physical characteristics of nascent aerosols produced by bursting bubbles at a model air-sea interface , 2007 .

[23]  Annmarie G. Carlton,et al.  Atmospheric oxalic acid and SOA production from glyoxal: Results of aqueous photooxidation experiments , 2007 .

[24]  Shepard A. Clough,et al.  Retrieving Liquid Wat0er Path and Precipitable Water Vapor From the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Microwave Radiometers , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[25]  John H. Seinfeld,et al.  Particulate organic acids and overall water‐soluble aerosol composition measurements from the 2006 Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS) , 2007 .

[26]  C. O'Dowd,et al.  Marine aerosol production: a review of the current knowledge , 2007, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[27]  E. Bigg.  Sources, nature and influence on climate of marine airborne particles , 2007 .

[28]  Graham Feingold,et al.  On the source of organic acid aerosol layers above clouds. , 2007, Environmental science & technology.

[29]  Dennis A. Hansell,et al.  Ammonium accumulation during a silicate-limited diatom bloom indicates the potential for ammonia emission events , 2007, Marine Chemistry.

[30]  John H. Seinfeld,et al.  Secondary aerosol formation from atmospheric reactions of aliphatic amines , 2007 .

[31]  Greg P. Ayers,et al.  The CLAW hypothesis: a review of the major developments , 2007 .

[32]  R. Ramesh,et al.  Is the Arabian Sea getting more productive , 2007 .

[33]  K. E. Altieria,et al.  Oligomers formed through in-cloud methylglyoxal reactions: Chemical composition, properties, and mechanisms investigated by ultra-high resolution FT-ICR mass spectrometry , 2007 .

[34]  John H. Seinfeld,et al.  Oxalic acid in clear and cloudy atmospheres: Analysis of data from International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation 2004 , 2006 .

[35]  Athanasios Nenes,et al.  Phytoplankton and Cloudiness in the Southern Ocean , 2006, Science.

[36]  J. Barnard,et al.  Remote sensing of cloud properties using ground‐based measurements of zenith radiance , 2006 .

[37]  John H. Seinfeld,et al.  Modeling and Characterization of a Particle-into-Liquid Sampler (PILS) , 2006 .

[38]  M. Andreae,et al.  Size Matters More Than Chemistry for Cloud-Nucleating Ability of Aerosol Particles , 2006, Science.

[39]  Steven Platnick,et al.  Impact of three‐dimensional radiative effects on satellite retrievals of cloud droplet sizes , 2006 .

[40]  J. Smith,et al.  Mapping the Operation of the DMT Continuous Flow CCN Counter , 2006 .

[41]  C. Leck,et al.  Comparison of sources and nature of the tropical aerosol with the summer high Arctic aerosol , 2008 .

[42]  E. Keith Bigg,et al.  Source and evolution of the marine aerosol—A new perspective , 2005 .

[43]  Sonia M. Kreidenweis,et al.  Influence of water‐soluble organic carbon on cloud drop number concentration , 2005 .

[44]  M. Chin,et al.  Aerosol anthropogenic component estimated from satellite data , 2005 .

[45]  D. Ware,et al.  Bottom-Up Ecosystem Trophic Dynamics Determine Fish Production in the Northeast Pacific , 2005, Science.

[46]  A. Nenes,et al.  A Continuous-Flow Streamwise Thermal-Gradient CCN Chamber for Atmospheric Measurements , 2005 .

[47]  Robert McLaren,et al.  Heterogeneous reactions of glyoxal on particulate matter: identification of acetals and sulfate esters. , 2005, Environmental science & technology.

[48]  E. Keith Bigg,et al.  Biogenic particles in the surface microlayer and overlaying atmosphere in the central Arctic Ocean during summer , 2005 .

[49]  U. Lohmann,et al.  Importance of submicron surface-active organic aerosols for pristine Arctic clouds , 2005 .

[50]  Min Hu,et al.  When aerosol sulfate goes up, so does oxalate: implication for the formation mechanisms of oxalate. , 2005, Environmental science & technology.

[51]  D. Ceburnis,et al.  Advances in characterization of size-resolved organic matter in marine aerosol over the North Atlantic , 2004 .

[52]  David L. Kirchman,et al.  The oceanic gel phase: a bridge in the DOM-POM continuum , 2004 .

[53]  A. Nenes,et al.  Chemical and dynamical effects on cloud droplet number: Implications for estimates of the aerosol indirect effect: CHEMISTRY, DYNAMICS, AND DROPLET NUMBER , 2004 .

[54]  E. Bigg,et al.  Particulates of the surface microlayer of open water in the central Arctic Ocean in summer , 2004 .

[55]  D. Ceburnis,et al.  Biogenically driven organic contribution to marine aerosol , 2004, Nature.

[56]  Sonia M. Kreidenweis,et al.  A modeling study of aqueous production of dicarboxylic acids: 1. Chemical pathways and speciated organic mass production , 2004 .

[57]  David S. Covert,et al.  An exploration of aqueous oxalic acid production in the coastal marine atmosphere , 2004 .

[58]  M. Whitehouse,et al.  Contrasting primary production regimes around South Georgia, Southern Ocean: large blooms versus high nutrient, low chlorophyll waters , 2004 .

[59]  Stephen E. Schwartz,et al.  Sea Salt Aerosol Production: Mechanisms, Methods, Measurements, and Models - A Critical Review , 2004 .

[60]  M. Tolbert,et al.  Hygroscopic Growth of Ammonium Sulfate/Dicarboxylic Acids , 2003 .

[61]  E. Murphy,et al.  An anticyclonic circulation above the Northwest Georgia Rise, Southern Ocean , 2003 .

[62]  G. Feingold.  Modeling of the first indirect effect: Analysis of measurement requirements , 2003 .

[63]  S. Kreidenweis,et al.  Water uptake of internally mixed particles containing ammonium sulfate and dicarboxylic acids , 2003 .

[64]  M. Orellana,et al.  Ultraviolet radiation blocks the organic carbon exchange between the dissolved phase and the gel phase in the ocean , 2003 .

[65]  P. Warneck,et al.  In-cloud chemistry opens pathway to the formation of oxalic acid in the marine atmosphere , 2003 .

[66]  E. Nilsson,et al.  Laboratory simulations and parameterization of the primary marine aerosol production , 2003 .

[67]  Dana E. Veron,et al.  First measurements of the Twomey indirect effect using ground‐based remote sensors , 2003 .

[68]  Y. Nojiri,et al.  Fatty acids in the marine atmosphere: Factors governing their concentrations and evaluation of organic films on sea‐salt particles , 2002 .

[69]  J. Seinfeld,et al.  Can chemical effects on cloud droplet number rival the first indirect effect? , 2002 .

[70]  David J. Delene,et al.  Variability of Aerosol Optical Properties at Four North American Surface Monitoring Sites , 2002 .

[71]  Sonia M. Kreidenweis,et al.  The effects of low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids on cloud formation , 2001 .

[72]  C. Chan,et al.  The hygroscopic properties of dicarboxylic and multifunctional acids: measurements and UNIFAC predictions. , 2001, Environmental science & technology.

[73]  Yoram J. Kaufman,et al.  Analysis of smoke impact on clouds in Brazilian biomass burning regions: An extension of Twomey's approach , 2001 .

[74]  J. Ogren,et al.  Four years of continuous surface aerosol measurements from the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Southern Great Plains Cloud and Radiation Testbed site , 2001 .

[75]  Teruyuki Nakajima,et al.  A possible correlation between satellite‐derived cloud and aerosol microphysical parameters , 2001 .

[76]  S. Pandis,et al.  Deliquescence and Hygroscopic Growth of Mixed Inorganic−Organic Atmospheric Aerosol , 2000 .

[77]  S. Kreidenweis,et al.  Predicting Particle Critical Supersaturation from Hygroscopic Growth Measurements in the Humidified TDMA. Part I: Theory and Sensitivity Studies , 2000 .

[78]  S. Kreidenweis,et al.  Predicting Particle Critical Supersaturation from Hygroscopic Growth Measurements in the Humidified TDMA. Part II: Laboratory and Ambient Studies , 2000 .

[79]  S. Pandis,et al.  Water Absorption by Secondary Organic Aerosol and Its Effect on Inorganic Aerosol Behavior , 2000 .

[80]  E. Bigg,et al.  Aerosol production over remote marine areas‐A new route , 1999 .

[81]  M. Facchini,et al.  Cloud albedo enhancement by surface-active organic solutes in growing droplets , 1999, Nature.

[82]  James J. Corbett,et al.  Effects of ship emissions on sulphur cycling and radiative climate forcing over the ocean , 1999, Nature.

[83]  P. Liss,et al.  Distributions and biogeochemistries of methylamines and ammonium in the Arabian Sea , 1999 .

[84]  H. Hansson,et al.  NaCl Aerosol Particle Hygroscopicity Dependence on Mixing with Organic Compounds , 1998 .

[85]  D. Murphy,et al.  Observations of organic material in individual marine particles at Cape Grim during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1) , 1998 .

[86]  M. Rood,et al.  Influence of Soluble Surfactant Properties on the Activation of Aerosol Particles Containing Inorganic Solute , 1998 .

[87]  M. Orellana,et al.  Spontaneous assembly of marine dissolved organic matter into polymer gels , 1998, Nature.

[88]  M. Wells.  Marine colloids: A neglected dimension , 1998, Nature.

[89]  B. Biddanda,et al.  Abundance, size distribution, and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of marine organic matter isolated by tangential-flow ultrafiltration , 1997 .

[90]  George A. Isaac,et al.  Physical and chemical observations in marine stratus during the 1993 North Atlantic Regional Experiment: Factors controlling cloud droplet number concentrations , 1996 .

[91]  R. Synovec,et al.  Dissolution behavior and surface tension effects of organic compounds in nucleating cloud droplets , 1996 .

[92]  J. Seinfeld,et al.  Organics alter hygroscopic behavior of atmospheric particles , 1995 .

[93]  M. Andreae,et al.  Biogenic sulfur emissions and aerosols over the tropical South , 1994 .

[94]  M. Wells,et al.  Colloid aggregation in seawater , 1993 .

[95]  P. Quinn,et al.  New particle formation in the marine boundary layer , 1992 .

[96]  T. Mulligan,et al.  Coastal oceanography of Washington and Oregon , 1992 .

[97]  R. Skop,et al.  Sea-to-air transfer of surface-active organic compounds by bursting bubbles , 1992 .

[98]  P. Hatcher,et al.  Bulk Chemical Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Ocean , 1992, Science.

[99]  M. Wells,et al.  Occurrence of small colloids in sea water , 1991, Nature.

[100]  P. Leblond.  Coastal oceanography of Washington and Oregon: M.R. Landry and B.M. Hickey (Editors), Elsevier oceanography series, Vol. 47, Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam 1989, 607 pp., US$163.25/Dfl. 310.00, hardback, ISBN: 0-444-87308-2 , 1991 .

[101]  L. Radke,et al.  Particle production associated with marine clouds , 1990 .

[102]  S. Johansson,et al.  Dimethyl sulfide in the Baltic Sea: Annual variability in relation to biological activity , 1990 .

[103]  Meinrat O. Andreae,et al.  Ocean-atmosphere interactions in the global biogeochemical sulfur cycle* , 1990 .

[104]  A. Decho,et al.  Microbial exopolymer secretions in ocean environments: their role(s) in food webs and marine processes , 1990 .

[105]  B. Albrecht.  Aerosols, Cloud Microphysics, and Fractional Cloudiness , 1989, Science.

[106]  D. Blanchard.  The ejection of drops from the sea and their enrichment with bacteria and other materials: A review , 1989 .

[107]  M. Perry,et al.  Chapter 3 Primary Production in Washington Coastal Waters , 1989 .

[108]  Barbara M. Hickey,et al.  Coastal oceanography of Washington and Oregon , 1989 .

[109]  R. Chervin,et al.  Global distribution of total cloud cover and cloud type amounts over the ocean , 1988 .

[110]  R. Duce,et al.  Methylamines in the marine atmosphere , 1987 .

[111]  S. Warren,et al.  Oceanic phytoplankton, atmospheric sulphur, cloud albedo and climate , 1987, Nature.

[112]  L. Jenne,et al.  Global distribution of total cloud cover and cloud type amounts over land , 1986 .

[113]  M. Andreae.  Dimethylsulfide in the water column and the sediment porewaters of the Peru upwelling area1 , 1985 .

[114]  Glenn E. Shaw,et al.  Bio-controlled thermostasis involving the sulfur cycle , 1983 .

[115]  M. Andreae,et al.  Dimethyl Sulfide in the Surface Ocean and the Marine Atmosphere: A Global View , 1983, Science.

[116]  R. Gershey.  Characterization of seawater organic matter carried by bubble‐generated aerosols1 , 1983 .

[117]  J. Leckie,et al.  The Biogeochemistry of the Air-Sea Interface , 1981 .

[118]  G. L. Stephens,et al.  Radiation Profiles in Extended Water Clouds. I: Theory , 1978 .

[119]  G. W. Paltridge,et al.  Radiation Profiles in Extended Water Clouds. III: Observations , 1978 .

[120]  S. Twomey.  The Influence of Pollution on the Shortwave Albedo of Clouds , 1977 .

[121]  R. Duce,et al.  Factors influencing the organic carbon content of marine aerosols: A laboratory study , 1976 .

[122]  J. W. Fitzgerald.  Effect of Aerosol Composition on Cloud Droplet Size Distribution: A Numerical Study , 1974 .

[123]  J. Lovelock,et al.  Atmospheric Dimethyl Sulphide and the Natural Sulphur Cycle , 1972, Nature.

[124]  D. Blanchard,et al.  Sea-to-Air Transport of Surface Active Material , 1964, Science.

[125]  G. Riley.  ORGANIC AGGREGATES IN SEAWATER AND THE DYNAMICS OF THEIR FORMATION AND UTILIZATION , 1963 .

[126]  F. Challenger,et al.  320. Studies on biological methylation. Part XII. A precursor of the dimethyl sulphide evolved by Polysiphonia fastigiata. dimethyl-2-carboxyethylsulphonium hydroxide and its salts , 1948 .

[127]  F. Challenger,et al.  Studies on biological methylation; a precursor of the dimethyl sulphide evolved by Polysiphonia fastigiata; dimethyl-2-carboxyethylsulphonium hydroxide and its salts. , 1948, Journal of the Chemical Society.

[128]  Tim Elliott,et al.  Four Years of Continuous Surface Aerosol Measurements from the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Southern Great Plains Cloud and Radiation Testbed Site , 2022 .