Residual stresses in unsymmetric laminated carbon fiber composites

The laminate is constructed so that symmetry about the midplane is not maintained. Upon cooling from the cure temperature, certain plies contract more than their neighbors, inducing residual stresses in this cross-ply laminate. Residual stresses coupled with asymmetries in the laminate produce warpage. Laminated plate theory is used to calculate the residual stresses and warpage. Also, residual stresses are related to the strains released when the hole-drilling technique is applied. In the experiment, high-sensitivity moire interferometry is used together with the hole-drilling method to determine the residual strains. The theoretical and experimental results are in qualitative agreement.