Bronchoscopic intervention as a main treatment for tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma

Abstract Background: Bronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare disease with low malignancy and indolent progression. Airway obstruction caused by ACC can be resolved by endoscopic procedures. The efficacy of different techniques of bronchoscopic interventions for ACC has not been determined. Material and Methods: From November 2004 to March 2012, ACC patients, mainly treated with different techniques of bronchoscopic interventions in our hospital, were reviewed. Results: The study included 37 ACC patients. Five patients (13.5%) with intra-luminal type underwent bronchoscopic therapies for a median of three times (range 1–6 times). Thirty-two patients (86.5%) with mixed type underwent bronchoscopic interventions for a median of 14 times (range 4–20 times). The dyspnea index was significantly improved after the first endoscopic procedure. The overall five- and ten-year survival rate was 85.9% and 45.9%, respectively, similar to surgery-dominant treatments. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that different procedures of bronchoscopic interventions, as main treatments for ACC, are as effective as surgery-dominant treatment. More prospective and multicentric studies are required to confirm these favorable results, which may influence the therapeutic strategy for ACC in the future.