Direction-of-Arrival Estimation for Uniform Rectangular Array: A Multilinear Projection Approach

In this paper, elevation and azimuth estimation with uniform rectangular array (URA) is addressed. Since the temporal samples received by the URA could be written into a tensorial form, we introduce the multilinear projection for developing a direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimator. In the noiseless condition, the multilinear projector is orthogonal to the steering matrix of the URA. Thus the proposed DOA estimator is designed to find minimal points of the inner product of the steering vector and the multilinear projector. Based on the multilinear algebraic framework, the proposed approach provides a better subspace estimate than that of the matrix-based subspace. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.