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highlights ERP studies from 2002 to 2012 exploring various aspects of brain functioning in children and adoles- cents with AD/HD are reviewed. Research focus and intensity has been in the domains of attention, inhibitory control, performance monitoring, non-pharmacological treatments, and ERP/energetics interactions. Some consistent differences from healthy controls are emerging, but more emphasis on replication and extension studies is needed to increase the consistency and specificity of results. abstract This article reviews the event-related potential (ERP) literature in relation to attention-deficit/hyperactiv- ity disorder (AD/HD) over the years 2002-2012. ERP studies exploring various aspects of brain function- ing in children and adolescents with AD/HD are reviewed, with a focus on group effects and interpretations in the domains of attention, inhibitory control, performance monitoring, non-pharmaco- logical treatments, and ERP/energetics interactions. There has been a distinct shift in research intensity over the past 10 years, with a large increase in ERP studies conducted in the areas of inhibitory control and performance monitoring. Overall, the research has identified a substantial number of ERP correlates of AD/HD. Robust differences from healthy controls have been reported in early orienting, inhibitory con- trol, and error-processing components. These data offer potential to improve our understanding of the specific brain dysfunction(s) which contribute to the disorder. The literature would benefit from a more rigorous approach to clinical group composition and consideration of age effects, as well as increased emphasis on replication and extension studies using exacting participant, task, and analysis parameters. 2012 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.