The Positive Negative Experience in Extreme Role-Playing

Fun is often seen a necessary gratification for recreational games. This paper studies two freeform role-playing games aiming to create extremely intense experiences of tragedy, horror, disgust, powerlessness and self-loathing, in order to gratify the self-selected group of experienced role-players. Almost all of the 15 interviewed players appreciated their experiences, despite crying, experiencing physiological stress reactions and feeling generally ―bad‖ during the play.

[1]  J. Huizinga Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play-Element in Culture , 1938 .

[2]  Julian Baggini,et al.  SOCIAL animal. , 1953, Lancet.

[3]  L. Festinger,et al.  A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance , 2017 .

[4]  E. Goffman Encounters; Two Studies in the Sociology of Interaction , 1962 .

[5]  S. Milgram BEHAVIORAL STUDY OF OBEDIENCE. , 1963, Journal of abnormal psychology.

[6]  S. Milgram Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View , 1975 .

[7]  A. D. Jones,et al.  Obedience to Authority , 1974 .

[8]  G. Lambert The Dangerous Edge , 1975 .

[9]  G. Fine Shared Fantasy: Role-Playing Games as Social Worlds , 1983 .

[10]  Social Psychology Sixth Edition , 1990 .

[11]  Jane McGonigal,et al.  A Real Little Game: The Pinocchio Effect in Pervasive Play , 2003, DiGRA Conference.

[12]  Katie Salen,et al.  Rules of play: game design fundamentals , 2003 .

[13]  Cindy Poremba,et al.  Critical Potential on the Brink of the Magic Circle , 2007, DiGRA Conference.

[14]  M. Montola,et al.  UNDERSTANDING PLAYFUL USER EXPERIENCE THROUGH DIGITAL GAMES , 2009 .

[15]  M. Montola The Invisible Rules of Role-Playing The Social Framework of Role-Playing Process , 2008, International Journal of Role-Playing.

[16]  Annika Waern,et al.  Pervasive Games: Theory and Design , 2009 .

[17]  Douglas Wilson,et al.  Now it's personal: on abusive game design , 2010, Future Play.

[18]  Essay : Copyrighted Subcultures Shared Fantasy : Role Playing Games as Social Worlds , 2010 .

[19]  J. Burger Obedience to Authority , 2011 .