A planar 4.5-GHz DC-DC power converter

In this paper, we present two DC-DC converters that operate at a microwave frequency. The first converter consists of a class-E switched-mode microwave amplifier, which performs the DC-AC conversion, and two half-wave diode rectifier outputs. The class-E MESFET amplifier has a minimum power-added efficiency of 86%, corresponding drain efficiency of 95%, and 120 mW of output power at 4.5 GHz. The diode rectifier has a maximum conversion efficiency of 98% and an overall efficiency of 83%. The second converter consists of a high-efficiency class-E oscillator and a diode rectifier. The class-E oscillator has a maximum efficiency of 57% and maximum output power of 725 mW. The DC-DC converter is planar and compact, with no magnetic components, and with a maximum overall DC-DC conversion efficiency of 64% for a DC input of 3 V, and the output voltage across a 87-/spl Omega/ load of 2.15 V.

[1]  No Sokal,et al.  CLASS-E - NEW CLASS OF HIGH-EFFICIENCY TUNED SINGLE-ENDED SWITCHING POWER AMPLIFIERS , 1975 .

[2]  William C. Brown,et al.  Electronic and mechanical improvement of the receiving terminal of a free-space microwave power transmission system , 1977 .

[3]  William C. Brown,et al.  The History of Power Transmission by Radio Waves , 1984 .

[4]  W. Brown.  Rectenna Technology Program: Ultra light 2.45 GHz rectenna 20 GHz rectenna , 1987 .

[5]  R. L. Camisa,et al.  High efficiency C-band 1000 element rectenna array for microwave powered applications , 1992, 1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S.

[6]  P. Koert,et al.  Millimeter wave technology for space power beaming , 1992 .

[7]  Zoya Popovic,et al.  The transmission-line high-efficiency class-E amplifier , 1995 .

[8]  Milan M. Jovanovic,et al.  Design considerations for low-voltage on-board DC/DC modules for next generations of data processing circuits , 1995, Proceedings of 1995 International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems. PEDS 95.

[9]  Zoya Popovic,et al.  A 5-GHz high-efficiency class-E oscillator , 1996 .

[10]  Kai Chang,et al.  A high conversion efficiency 5.8 GHz rectenna , 1997, 1997 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest.

[11]  Naoki Shinohara,et al.  Experimental study of large rectenna array for microwave energy transmission , 1998 .

[12]  Zoya Popovic,et al.  Switched-mode high-efficiency microwave power amplifiers in a free-space power-combiner array , 1998 .