As Soon as Probable: Optimal Scheduling under Stochastic Uncertainty

In this paper we continue our investigation of stochastic (and hence dynamic) variants of classical scheduling problems. Such problems can be modeled as duration probabilistic automata (DPA), a well-structured class of acyclic timed automata where temporal uncertainty is interpreted as a bounded uniform distribution of task durations [18]. In [12] we have developed a framework for computing the expected performance of a given scheduling policy. In the present paper we move from analysis to controller synthesis and develop a dynamic-programming style procedure for automatically synthesizing (or approximating) expected time optimal schedulers, using an iterative computation of a stochastic time-to-go function over the state and clock space of the automaton.

[1]  Oded Maler,et al.  Performance Evaluation of Schedulers in a Probabilistic Setting , 2011, FORMATS.

[2]  Jirí Srba,et al.  Comparing the Expressiveness of Timed Automata and Timed Extensions of Petri Nets , 2008, FORMATS.

[3]  Joost-Pieter Katoen,et al.  Lectures on Formal Methods and PerformanceAnalysis , 2001, Lecture Notes in Computer Science.

[4]  Reinhard German,et al.  Non-Markovian Analysis , 2002, European Educational Forum: School on Formal Methods and Performance Analysis.

[5]  Marco Ajmone Marsan,et al.  Modelling with Generalized Stochastic Petri Nets , 1995, PERV.

[6]  Jean-Francois Kempf,et al.  On computer-aided design-space exploration for multi-cores , 2012 .

[7]  Eugene Asarin,et al.  Volume and Entropy of Regular Timed Languages: Analytic Approach , 2009, FORMATS.

[8]  Kim G. Larsen,et al.  As Cheap as Possible: Efficient Cost-Optimal Reachability for Priced Timed Automata , 2001, CAV.

[9]  Laura Carnevali,et al.  Stochastic Time Petri Nets , 2008 .

[10]  Joost-Pieter Katoen,et al.  Lectures on Formal Methods and Performance Analysis, First EEF/Euro Summer School on Trends in Computer Science, Berg en Dal, The Netherlands, July 3-7, 2000, Revised Lectures , 2001, Euro Summer School on Trends in Computer Science.

[11]  Oded Maler,et al.  Approximating the Pareto Front of Multi-criteria Optimization Problems , 2010, TACAS.

[12]  Rajeev Alur,et al.  Bounded Model Checking for GSMP Models of Stochastic Real-Time Systems , 2006, HSCC.

[13]  Eugene Asarin,et al.  As Soon as Possible: Time Optimal Control for Timed Automata , 1999, HSCC.

[14]  Eugene Asarin,et al.  Scheduling with timed automata , 2006, Theor. Comput. Sci..

[15]  Thomas A. Henzinger,et al.  Hybrid Systems: Computation and Control , 1998, Lecture Notes in Computer Science.

[16]  Wang Yi,et al.  Uppaal in a nutshell , 1997, International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer.

[17]  Oded Maler On optimal and reasonable control in the presence of adversaries , 2007, Annu. Rev. Control..

[18]  Thomas A. Henzinger,et al.  Hybrid Systems III , 1995, Lecture Notes in Computer Science.

[19]  Kim G. Larsen,et al.  On Zone-Based Analysis of Duration Probabilistic Automata , 2010, INFINITY.

[20]  Kim G. Larsen,et al.  Time for Statistical Model Checking of Real-Time Systems , 2011, CAV.

[21]  Rajeev Alur,et al.  A Temporal Logic of Nested Calls and Returns , 2004, TACAS.

[22]  P. Glynn A GSMP formalism for discrete event systems , 1989, Proc. IEEE.

[23]  Joseph Sifakis,et al.  Controller Synthesis for Timed Automata 1 , 1998 .

[24]  Christos G. Cassandras,et al.  Introduction to Discrete Event Systems , 1999, The Kluwer International Series on Discrete Event Dynamic Systems.

[25]  A. Pnueli,et al.  CONTROLLER SYNTHESIS FOR TIMED AUTOMATA , 2006 .

[26]  Stavros Tripakis,et al.  The Tool KRONOS , 1996, Hybrid Systems.