Socially-smart computing to support older adults with severe visual impairments: Proof-of-concept

This research describes the functionality of a Near and Far Environmental Awareness System (NaFEAS) intended to be worn as a computer-based vest undergarment to support social interaction for older adults with severe visual impairments. The system is designed to facilitate wayfinding (orientation, navigation) and object recognition. The design framework was derived from embodied cognition. Methods Five consultants with Severe Visual Impairments (SVIs) formed a participatory design team who worked on the first iteration of the NaFEAS prototype. We used information from the team to develop a questionnaire to elicit scenario-based information from older adults with SVIs. Data were also collected using an online questionnaire that provided a description and broad scenarios indicating how NaFEAS could operate in a party setting and the garment and material design of the NaFEAS vest. Fifty adults ages 55 and over responded. Analysis methods included χ2 analysis of frequency data and content analysis of qualitative data. Results revealed important requirements for the NaFEAS system. Navigation through party environments, especially those containing stairs and balconies, was a critical need. Although relatively homogeneous in responses, χ2 tests revealed that women considered NaFEAS to be more beneficial for introducing others and playing games compared to men. Older adults who attended social events more frequently wanted the system to support remembering names, compared to those who attended parties less frequently. The most important garment features were functionality, overall appearance, and usability. Discussion and conclusion User requirements centered on being able to locate key people, having to rely less on others, and having a wearable computer garment that is attractive and easy-to-use. Further implications involved the importance of designing the NaFEAS as a tool to be used with other mobility aids such as walkers and hearing aids.

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