ECP: A Probing-Based Error Control Strategy for THz-Based Nanonetworks With Energy Harvesting

Nanonetworks are comprised of the nano-sized communication devices that can perform simple tasks, such as computation, data storage, and actuation at the nanoscale. However, the error-prone wireless links as a result of severe path loss in the terahertz band (0.1–10.0 THz) and very limited energy storage capacity in nanodevices are challenging the communication in the nanonetworks. Therefore, efficient and effective error control protocols are necessary for the nanonetworks in the THz band. In this paper, first, a novel error control strategy with probing (ECP) mechanism for the nanonetworks powered by energy harvesting is proposed. In particular, each data packet will be transmitted only after the successful communication of one probing packet. Second, the energy state model by considering the energy harvesting-consumption process is presented based on the extended Markov chain approach. Moreover, a probabilistic analysis of the overall network traffic and multiuser interference is used by the proposed energy state model to capture the dynamic network behavior. Third, the impact of the different packets energy of consumption on a state transition and the state probability distribution of nanonodes based on the above-mentioned model is comprehensively investigated. Finally, the performance of the ECP mechanism and the other four different error control strategies, namely, Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ), Forward Error Correction (FEC), Error Prevention Codes (EPC) and a hybrid EPC, in terms of the end-to-end successful packet delivery probability, end-to-end packet delay, achievable throughput, and energy consumption are investigated and evaluated. The results show that the proposed ECP mechanism can maximize the end-to-end successful data packet delivery probability than the other four error control schemes, increase the achievable throughput compared with ARQ and EPC schemes, and outperform the ARQ and FEC schemes in terms of energy utilization.

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