Mapping Articles on China in Wikipedia: An Inter-Language Semantic Network Analysis

This article describes an inter-language semantic network analysis examining the differences between articles about China in the Chinese and English versions of Wikipedia. It explores the differences in the content of Wikipedia through (a) correlation analysis of semantic networks and (b) the salience of semantic concepts through their network centralities. The results suggest there is high dissimilarity between the semantic content of the English and Chinese versions of articles on China. While both pages focused on government, population, language, character, diplomatic relations, development of the economy, and science and technology, the Chinesespeaking and English-speaking contributors framed the article on China differently—according to dissimilarities in cultures, values, interests, situations, and emotions of different language groups. This research contributes to the literature and understanding of how culture of different language groups influences the process of crowdsourcing knowledge on online collaboration

[1]  Detlef Schoder,et al.  Web Science 2.0: Identifying Trends through Semantic Social Network Analysis , 2008, 2009 International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering.

[2]  Qing Cao,et al.  Confucian Vision of a New World Order? Culturalist Discourse, Foreign Policy and the Press in Contemporary China , 2007 .

[3]  P. Bonacich Factoring and weighting approaches to status scores and clique identification , 1972 .

[4]  Miriam R. L. Petruck FRAME SEMANTICS , 1996 .

[5]  Allan Collins,et al.  Experiments on semantic memory and language comprehension. , 1972 .

[6]  Fabian Flöck,et al.  Mining cross-cultural relations from Wikipedia: A study of 31 European food cultures , 2014, WebSci.

[7]  Hermann A. Maurer,et al.  The Transformation of the Web: How Emerging Communities Shape the Information we Consume , 2006, J. Univers. Comput. Sci..

[8]  Sonja Utz,et al.  Strategic framing in the BP crisis: A semantic network analysis of associative frames , 2012 .

[9]  A. Marsella,et al.  The United States of America: “A culture of war” , 2011 .

[10]  Kathleen M. Carley,et al.  Revealing Social Structure from Texts: Meta-Matrix Text Analysis as a Novel Method for Network Text Analysis , 2005 .

[11]  Susan C. Herring,et al.  Cultural bias in Wikipedia content on famous persons , 2011, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[12]  Mathieu Bastian,et al.  Gephi: An Open Source Software for Exploring and Manipulating Networks , 2009, ICWSM.

[13]  Darren Gergle,et al.  The tower of Babel meets web 2.0: user-generated content and its applications in a multilingual context , 2010, CHI.

[14]  Marya L. Doerfel What Constitutes Semantic Network Analysis? A Comparison of Research and Methodologies' , 2003 .

[15]  Amy Bruckman,et al.  Becoming Wikipedian: transformation of participation in a collaborative online encyclopedia , 2005, GROUP.

[16]  Rada Mihalcea,et al.  Cross-lingual Semantic Relatedness Using Encyclopedic Knowledge , 2009, EMNLP.

[17]  Paul D'Angelo,et al.  News Framing as a Multiparadigmatic Research Program: A Response to Entman , 2002 .

[18]  Tom A. B. Snijders,et al.  Social Network Analysis , 2011, International Encyclopedia of Statistical Science.

[19]  Darren Gergle,et al.  Measuring self-focus bias in community-maintained knowledge repositories , 2009, C&T.

[20]  Bernardo A. Huberman,et al.  Predicting the popularity of online content , 2008, Commun. ACM.

[21]  Vladimir Batagelj,et al.  Centrality in Social Networks , 1993 .

[22]  Panayiotis Zaphiris,et al.  Cultural Differences in Collaborative Authoring of Wikipedia , 2006, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[23]  G. Barnett,et al.  Dynamics of Culture Frames in International News Coverage: A Semantic Network Analysis , 2016 .

[24]  Kathleen M. Carley,et al.  Extracting, Representing, and Analyzing Mental Models , 1992 .

[25]  Peter A. Gloor,et al.  Analyzing Cultural Differences in Collaborative Innovation Networks by Analyzing Editing Behavior in Different-Language Wikipedias , 2011 .

[26]  Stefan M. Rüger,et al.  View of the world according to Wikipedia: Are we all little Steinbergs? , 2011, J. Comput. Sci..

[27]  Morten Rask,et al.  The reach and richness of Wikipedia: Is Wikinomics only for rich countries , 2008, First Monday.

[28]  Jesús M. González-Barahona,et al.  On the Inequality of Contributions to Wikipedia , 2008, Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008).

[29]  Yana Volkovich,et al.  Biographical social networks on Wikipedia: a cross-cultural study of links that made history , 2012, WikiSym '12.

[30]  Robert M. Entman,et al.  Framing: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm , 1993 .

[31]  Jean-Loup Guillaume,et al.  Fast unfolding of communities in large networks , 2008, 0803.0476.

[32]  Thomas Steiner,et al.  Bots vs. Wikipedians, Anons vs. Logged-Ins (Redux): A Global Study of Edit Activity on Wikipedia and Wikidata , 2014, OpenSym.

[33]  John Riedl,et al.  In search of the ur-Wikipedia: universality, similarity, and translation in the Wikipedia inter-language link network , 2012, WikiSym '12.

[34]  Cesare Cornoldi,et al.  Visuo-spatial working memory: Structures and variables affecting a capacity measure , 1995, Neuropsychologia.

[35]  S. Narison Extracting , 1999 .

[36]  Dima Shepelyansky,et al.  Highlighting Entanglement of Cultures via Ranking of Multilingual Wikipedia Articles , 2013, PloS one.