Strengthening of arched masonry structures with composite materials

Given the historical importance of the cultural heritage for any country, not only social but also from the technical point of view it naturally emerges the interest to be studied. As any other structure during its period of life, historical constructions are exposed to deterioration due to environmental actions and hazard events caused by: earthquake, differential settlements and structural elements failures due to lack of strength. For these reasons, in order to evaluate the need for a retrofitting intervention, is important to understand and interpret his behaviour and damage evolution. This thesis describes a numerical-experimental study of historical clay brick masonry, strengthened by Fibre Reinforced Polymers (FRP). Because the most critical results are found in the FRP-masonry substrate, the local interface study was included as a part of the experimental objectives. In addition, scaled masonry specimens with curved shapes were constructed with the purpose to observe the global behaviour of strengthened structures as well as reproduction of domes and vaults. Two types of FRP material were used namely glass and carbon fibres. The building technique of experimental specimens, considered the reproduction of the most relevant characteristic regarding old Portuguese constructions, using typical materials from the region. With the purpose to characterize the stress distribution along the interface, a far-end supported single shear test was modified and adapted. Monotonic load was applied to the FRP strip until failure was attained. To determine the anchor length where the failure mode changed from sliding to tensile failure in the FRP strip, different anchorage lengths were tested. After analysing the shear stress distribution in the masonry-FRP interface, it was concluded that glass FRP behaves better than carbon due to compatibility of its properties with masonry. The far-end supported single-shear tests were then numerically modelled aiming at calibrating the interface properties. An analytical

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