Mode I intra-laminar crack growth in composites — modelling of R-curves from measured bridging laws

In this paper R-curves for mode I crack growth in composites are modelled based on measured bridging laws. It is shown that simulated and measured R-curves are in good agreement. Simulations show that variations in the measured bridging law parameters can explain the scatter in overall R-curves. Finite element procedures for treating a generalised nonlinear law for intra-laminar fibre bridging (longitudinal splitting) in combination with R-curve modelling are demonstrated for mode I loading. The difference between calculating the crack growth resistance by linear elastic fracture mechanics and by the J integral for the double cantilever beam specimen loaded by wedge forces is elucidated. It is shown that calculating the crack growth resistance by linear elastic fracture mechanics results in overestimation of the steady-state crack growth resistance.

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