Full-view lightning event observation system and method

The present invention relates to a full-view lightning event observation system and method. The system may include a capturing device, a box body, a temperature control device, a light shielding device, a control module, a power supply module, a corona current sensor, a data acquisition device, a GPS antenna, a GPS timing module and a processing unit. The capturing device can capture full-view digital images and transmit the images directly to the processing unit. The processing unit continuously acquires corona currents via the data acquisition device and judges whether or not there is thunderstorm weather within the observed range; if so, the light shading device is turned on so as to enter a lightning passage image capturing mode, and the light shading device is turned off after the observation so as to protect the capturing device in non-thunderstorm weather. The system also records simultaneously the GPS time of the lightning event and the information about the waveform of the change in the corona current generated thereby, judges the type of the lightning and the polarity of cloud-to-ground lightning, and is capable of realising automatic light shading for the capturing device in non-thunderstorm weather and automatic control of the temperature of the operating environment thereof. The system can serve in a wild environment stably and reliably over a long time period.