Effects of roasting and γ-irradiated Peanuts on Toxicological Parameters of Wistar Rats

Effects of roasting and γ-irradiated (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 kGy) peanuts on toxicological parameters were evaluated through feeding of Wistar rats fed for a period of eight weeks. Physical appearance, body weight, hematological, serum biochemistry and tissue pathological parameters were determined using standard methods. During the eight weeks, Wistar rats showed good physical appearance and steady weight gain, and no mortality was recorded. Haematological analysis of the Wistar rats gave no indication of anemia; packed cell volume (41.09-46.14%), haemoglobin concentration (14.01-14.80 g/L), red blood cell (11.58-12.87 µ/L), mean corpuscular volume (30.58-37.85 fl), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (11.22-12.23 pg.). Serum blood parameters including albumin, globulin, creatine and blood urea nitrogen of Wistar rats fed with rat pellet, non- and γ-irradiated peanut were not significantly different. However, total protein (4.99-5.38 g/dL), cholesterol (55.67-60.50 mg/dL), alanine amino transferase (62.56-66.56 IU/L) and aspartate amino transferase (80.50-85.50 IU/L) increased significantly (p<0.05) during the period of evaluation. Histopathological examination of heart, liver, lungs, intestine, and spleen revealed diffuse mild degeneration of seminiferous tubular epithelium, mild congestion of hepatic sinusoids, mild hyperplasia of goblet cells and infiltration of the lamina propria by eosinophil and lymphocytes, and sub-capsular edema. Roasted γ-irradiated peanut did not cause changes of any toxicological significance in Wistar rats.

[1]  A. Ao,et al.  Physical, Proximate and Functional Properties of Flour and Protein Isolate from Four γ-Irradiated Groundnut Cultivars , 2017 .

[2]  M. Hanafy,et al.  EFFECT OF FEEDING ALBINO RATS WITH IRRADIATED WHEAT GRAINS ON BODY WEIGHT AND SOME HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS , 2017 .

[3]  M. Al-Bachir Evaluation the effect of gamma irradiation on microbial, chemical and sensorial properties of peanut (Arachis hypogaea l.) seeds. , 2016, Acta scientiarum polonorum. Technologia alimentaria.

[4]  K. Falade,et al.  Haematological, serum biochemical and tissue pathological changes induced by γ-irradiated millet , 2015, Comparative Clinical Pathology.

[5]  Mingyuan Liu,et al.  Multiple toxicity studies of trehalose in mice by intragastric administration. , 2013, Food chemistry.

[6]  K. Falade,et al.  Effect of γ-Irradiation on Colour, Functional and Physicochemical Properties of Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br.] Cultivars , 2013, Food and Bioprocess Technology.

[7]  K. Falade,et al.  Physical, functional and pasting properties of different maize (Zea mays) cultivars as modified by an increase in γ‐irradiation doses , 2012 .

[8]  Y. Sani,et al.  Feeding studies of radiation sterilization ready to eat foods on sprague dawley rats: In vivo , 2012 .

[9]  C. Mohácsi-Farkas,et al.  History and future of food irradiation , 2011 .

[10]  A. Afolayan,et al.  Effects of leaf and berry extracts of Phytolacca dioica L. on haematological and weight parameters of Wistar rats , 2011 .

[11]  E. E. Babiker,et al.  Effects of radiation process on total protein and amino acids composition of raw and processed pearl millet flour during storage. , 2010 .

[12]  Zhu Wang,et al.  [Estimation of the normal range of blood glucose in rats]. , 2010, Wei sheng yan jiu = Journal of hygiene research.

[13]  M. Chamani,et al.  The effect of autoclave processing and gamma irradiation on apparent ileal digestibility in broiler breeders of amino acids from canola meal. , 2009 .

[14]  I. Arvanitoyannis,et al.  Irradiation Applications in Vegetables and Fruits: A Review , 2009, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.

[15]  K. Kengkoom,et al.  Effect of pasteurized, irradiated, and autoclaved food on reproductive performance and growth rate in Sprague-Dawley rat. , 2009 .

[16]  K. Sridhar,et al.  Composition and functional properties of raw and electron beam‐irradiated Mucuna pruriens seeds , 2008 .

[17]  Eui-Hong Byun,et al.  Effect of gamma irradiation on viscosity reduction of cereal porridges for improving energy density , 2008 .

[18]  V. Taiwo,et al.  Short-term toxicological evaluation of Terminalia catappa, Pentaclethra macrophylla and Calophyllum inophyllum seed oils in rats , 2008 .

[19]  J. Farkas Irradiation for better foods , 2006 .

[20]  K. Song,et al.  Effect of gamma-irradiation on the physicochemical properties of gluten films , 2005 .

[21]  R. Mattes,et al.  Effects of chronic peanut consumption on energy balance and hedonics , 2002, International Journal of Obesity.

[22]  Eunjung Kim,et al.  Effects of γ-Irradiated Fats on Plasma Lipid Concentrations and Hepatic Cholesterol Metabolism in Rats , 2001, Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism.

[23]  A. Minnaar,et al.  Effect of irradiation, with and without cooking of maize and kidney bean flours, on porridge viscosity and in vitro starch digestibility , 2001 .

[24]  T. Longvah,et al.  Nutritional and short term toxicological evaluation of Perilla seed oil , 2000 .

[25]  A. Awad,et al.  Peanuts as a Source of β-Sitosterol, a Sterol With Anticancer Properties , 2000 .

[26]  E. Feldman Assorted monounsaturated fatty acids promote healthy hearts. , 1999, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[27]  J. Bastos,et al.  Acute preclinical toxicity study of Zanthoxylum naranjillo extract , 1998 .