Vanillin: The Case for Greener Production Driven by Sustainability Megatrend

Abstract Approaching the end of the second decade of the 21st century, almost the whole demand of vanillin is met by the synthetic product obtained either via a petrochemical process starting from phenol and glyoxylic acid or from energy intensive alkaline oxidative depolymerization of lignin. Only a minor fraction is comprised of natural vanillin obtained from ferulic acid fermentation, and even less of highly valued Vanilla planifolia extracts. Are there alternative green production methods? And, if yes, are they suitable to find practical application?

[1]  Christopher A. Hone,et al.  The Use of Molecular Oxygen for Liquid Phase Aerobic Oxidations in Continuous Flow , 2018, Topics in Current Chemistry.

[2]  G. Banerjee,et al.  Vanillin biotechnology: the perspectives and future. , 2018, Journal of the science of food and agriculture.

[3]  M. Pagliaro.  Chemistry Education Fostering Creativity in the Digital Era , 2018, Israel Journal of Chemistry.

[4]  Vanilla in Dutch Greenhouses: A Discovery - From Research to Production , 2018, Handbook of Vanilla Science and Technology.

[5]  Vanilla in Perfumery and Beverage Flavors , 2018, Handbook of Vanilla Science and Technology.

[6]  K. Nampoothiri,et al.  Biorefining of wheat bran for the purification of ferulic acid , 2018 .

[7]  Ilich A. Ibarra,et al.  Greener synthesis of Cu-MOF-74 and its catalytic use for the generation of vanillin. , 2018, Dalton transactions.

[8]  L. Palmisano,et al.  Reactions in the Presence of Irradiated Semiconductors: Are They Simply Photocatalytic? , 2017 .

[9]  R. Varma,et al.  Selective photocatalysis of lignin-inspired chemicals by integrating hybrid nanocatalysis in microfluidic reactors. , 2017, Chemical Society reviews.

[10]  A. Sutor,et al.  Completely integrated wirelessly-powered photocatalyst-coated spheres as a novel means to perform heterogeneous photocatalytic reactions , 2017 .

[11]  C. Horn,et al.  Scalable Photocatalytic Oxidation of Methionine under Continuous-Flow Conditions , 2017 .

[12]  L. Palmisano,et al.  Tuning the photocatalytic activity of bismuth wolframate: towards selective oxidations for the biorefinery driven by solar-light. , 2017, Chemical communications.

[13]  Rosaria Ciriminna,et al.  Citric acid: emerging applications of key biotechnology industrial product , 2017, Chemistry Central Journal.

[14]  Bourzac Katherine,et al.  Will the artificial leaf sprout , 2016 .

[15]  Yi‐Jun Xu,et al.  One‐Pot, Clean Synthesis of Vanillic Acid from Ferulic Acid , 2016 .

[16]  Yi‐Jun Xu,et al.  Toward the Waste-Free Synthesis of Fine Chemicals with Visible Light , 2016 .

[17]  S. Caillol,et al.  Vanillin Production from Lignin and Its Use as a Renewable Chemical , 2016 .

[18]  Ilich A. Ibarra,et al.  Catalytic activity of HKUST-1 in the oxidation of trans-ferulic acid to vanillin , 2015 .

[19]  Naresh Kumar,et al.  Potential applications of ferulic acid from natural sources , 2014, Biotechnology reports.

[20]  N. Zhang,et al.  Nanochemistry-derived Bi2WO6 nanostructures: towards production of sustainable chemicals and fuels induced by visible light. , 2014, Chemical Society reviews.

[21]  G. Camera-Roda,et al.  Improvement of Membrane Performances to Enhance the Yield of Vanillin in a Pervaporation Reactor , 2014, Membranes.

[22]  L. Ilharco,et al.  The sol-gel route to advanced silica-based materials and recent applications. , 2013, Chemical reviews.

[23]  G. Palmisano,et al.  A Pervaporation Photocatalytic Reactor for the Green Synthesis of Vanillin , 2013 .

[24]  G. Palmisano,et al.  Synthesis of vanillin in water by TiO2 photocatalysis , 2012 .

[25]  F. Buccellato.  Vanilla in perfumery and beverage flavors. , 2010 .

[26]  Daphna Havkin-Frenkel,et al.  Handbook of Vanilla Science and Technology , 2010 .

[27]  Virendra K. Rathod,et al.  Extraction of vanillin from vanilla pods: A comparison study of conventional soxhlet and ultrasound assisted extraction , 2009 .

[28]  E. Macedo,et al.  Aqueous Solubility of Some Natural Phenolic Compounds , 2008 .

[29]  J. A. Burch,et al.  Ferulic acid stabilizes a solution of vitamins C and E and doubles its photoprotection of skin. , 2005, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[30]  Mark Pickworth,et al.  A practical flow reactor for continuous organic photochemistry. , 2005, The Journal of organic chemistry.

[31]  Rebecca Rawls,et al.  JACS AT 125: PEPTIDES ON DEMANDBruce Merrifield's 1963 paper paved the way for automated synthesis of peptides and proteins , 2003 .

[32]  M. Gasson,et al.  Metabolism of Ferulic Acid to Vanillin , 1998, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[33]  G. Viacava,et al.  Novel biopreservatives to enhance the safety and quality of strawberry juice , 2015, Journal of Food Science and Technology.

[34]  P. Anastas,et al.  Green Chemistry , 2018, Environmental Science.

[35]  F. Tiemann,et al.  Ueber das Coniferin und seine Umwandlung in das aromatische Princip der Vanille , 1874 .