In tnis prospective study home literacy is considered a multifaceted phenomenon consisting of a frequency or exposure facet (opportunity), an instruction quality facet, a parent-child cooperation facet, and a social-emotional quality facet. In a multiethnic, partly bilingual sample of 89 families with 4-year-old children, living in inner-city areas in the Netherlands, measures of home literacy were taken by means of interviews with the parents and observations of parentchild book reading interactions when the target children were ages 4, 5, and 6 years. At age 7, by the end of Grade 1, after nearly 1 year of formal reading instruction, vocabulary, word decoding, and reading comprehension were assessed using standard tests. Vocabulary at age 4 and an index of the predominant language used at home were also measured in order to be used as covariates. Correlational and multiple regression analyses supported the hypothesis that home literacy is multifaceted. Home literacy facets together predicted more variance in language and achievement measures at age 7 than each of them separately. Structural equations analysis also supported two additional hypotheses of the present research. First, the effects of background factors (SES, ethnicity, parents' own literacy practices) on language development and reading achievement in school were fully mediated by home literacy, home language, and early vocabulary. Second, even after controlling for the effects of early vocabulary and predominant home language, there remained statistically significant effects of home literacy, in particular, opportunity, instruction quality, and cooperation quality.
EN ESTE estudio prospectivo, la alfabetizacion en el hogar esta considerada un fenomeno multifacetico que consiste en una faceta de frecuencia o exposicion (oportunidad), una faceta de calidad de la ensenanza, una faceta de cooperacion entre padres e hijos y una faceta socio-emocional. Se trabajo con una muestra multietnica, y en parte bilingue, de 89 familias con ninos de 4 anos, que vivian en areas urbanas en los Paises Bajos. Se tomaron medidas de alfabetizacion en el hogar mediante entrevistas con los padres y observaciones de la interaccion padre-hijo en lectura de libros cuando los ninos tenian 4, 5, y 6 anos. A la edad de 7 anos, al promediar 1° grado, luego de casi un ano de ensenanza formal de la lectura, se tomaron medidas de vocabulario, decodificacion de palabras y comprension usando pruebas estandarizadas. Tambien se obtuvieron una medida de vocabulario a los 4 anos y un indice de la lengua predominante del hogar para usarlos como covariables. Los analisis correlacionales y de regresion multiple apoyan la hipotesis de que la alfabetizacion en el hogar es multifacetica. Las facetas de la alfabetizacion en el hogar predijeron mas varianza en las medidas de lenguaje y desempeno en lectura a la edad de 7 anos en forma conjunta que cada una de ellas por separado. El analisis de ecuaciones estructurales tambien apoyo dos hipotesis adicionales del presente trabajo. En primer lugar, los efectos de los factores del entorno (NSE, raza, practicas de alfabetizacion de los padres) sobre el desarrollo del lenguaje y el desempeno en lectura en la escuela estuvieron completamente mediados por la alfabetizacion en el hogar, la lengua del hogar y el vocabulario temprano. En segundo lugar, aun despues de controlar los efectos de vocabulario temprano y lengua predominante del hogar, se hallaron efectos estadisticamente significactivos de alfabetizacion en el hogar, en particular, oportunidad, calidad de la ensenanza y calidad de la cooperacion.
IN DIESER prognostizierenden Studie ist das Lesen und Schreiben zu Hause als ein vielschichtiges Phanomen zu betrachten, bestehend aus dem Aspekt der Haufigkeit oder des standigen Ausgesetztseins (Opportunitat), Gesichtspunkten in der Qualitat der Unterweisung, Gesichtspunkten der Eltern-Kind Zusammenarbeit, und ein sozialemotionaler Qualitatsaspekt. In einer Auswahl von 89 Familien mit vierjahrigen Kindern von ethnisch vielfaltigem, zum Teil zweisprachigem Hintergrund in innerstadtischen Wohngebieten Hollands, wurden die Bewertungen uber Lesen und Schreiben zu Hause durch Interviews mit den Eltern und Beobachtungen der Eltern-Kind Zusammenarbeit beim Buchlesen vorgenommen, wobei die Zielgruppen Kinder im Alter von 4, 5 und 6 waren. Im Alter von 7 Jahren, am Ende der ersten Klasse, nach nahezu einem Jahr formlichen Leseunterrichts, wurden Vokabular, Wortentschlusselung und Leseverstandnis unter Anwendung von Standardtests bewertet. Das Vokabular im Alter von vier und ein Index der vorherrschend zu Hause benutzten Sprache wurden ebenfalls bemessen, um als Zusatzvariabilitaten genutzt zu werden. Korrelations- und Haufig keitsregressionsanalysen unterstutzten die Hypothese, das Lesen und Schreiben zu Hause vielfaltige Gesichtspunkte hat. Alle Aspekte hauslichen Lesens und Schreibens zusammen genommen sagten mehr Abweichungen bei der Bemessung von Sprache und Leistungen im Alter von 7 voraus, als im Einzelfall jeder fur sich getrennt. Strukturelle Vergleichsanalysen unterstutzen ebenfalls zwei zusatzliche Hypothesen der gegenwartigen Forschung: Erstens, die Einflusse von Hintergrundfaktoren (SES, ethnische Zugehorigkeit, eigenstandige Lese- bzw. Schreibpraxis der Eltern) auf die Sprachentwicklung und Leseleistungen in der Schule wurden durch hausliches Lesen und Schreiben, zu Hause gesprochene Sprache, und fruhzeitiges Vokabular vollstandig vermittelt. Zweitens, selbst nach Kontrollen uber die Einflusse fruh erworbenen Vokabulars und der zu Hause vorherrschend benutzten Sprache blieben statistisch bedeutende Einflusse des Lesens und Schreibens zu Hause, insbesondere Opportunitat, Qualitat der Unterweisungen und Qualitat der Mitarbeit bestehen.
DANS CETTE etude prospective, nous considerons la lecture-ecriture a la maison comme un phenomene a plusieurs facettes comportant une facette de frequence d'exposition (occasions), une facette de qualite de la pedagogie, une facette de cooperation parent-enfant, et une facette de qualite socio-affective. Avec des enfants de quatre ans provenant d'un echantillon de 89 familles multiethniques, en partie bilingues, vivant dans des quartiers de centre ville des Pays Bas, on a mesure la lecture-ecriture a la maison au moyen d'entretiens avec les parents et d'observations des interactions parent-enfant pendant la lecture de livres, les enfants-cibles etant âges de 4, 5, et 6 ans. A l'âge de 7 ans, vers la fin de la premiere annee, apres environ un an d'enseignement formel de la lecture, on a evalue avec des tests standards le vocabulaire, le decodage de mots, et la comprehension de la lecture. On a aussi mesure le vocabulaire a l'âge de 4 ans et un indicateur de la langue dominante a la maison, pour s'en servir comme covariants. Des analyses de correlation et de re gression multiple soutiennent l'hypothese que la lecture-ecriture a la maison a plusieurs facettes. Prises ensemble les mesures de lecture-ecriture a la maison predisent plus de variance des mesures de langage et de reussite a 7 ans que chacune d'elles separement. L'analyse des equations structurales soutiennent egalement deux autres hypotheses de cette recherche. Tout d'abord, les effets des facteurs de milieu (niveau socio-economique, ethnicite, pratique de lecture-ecriture des parents eux-memes) sur le langage et la reussite en lecture a l'ecole sont entierement mediatises par la lecture-ecriture a la maison, la langue parlee dans la famille, et le premier vocabulaire). D'autre part, apres controle des effets du premier vocabulaire et de la langue parlee a la maison, il demeure des effets statistiquement significatifs de la lecture-ecriture a la maison, en particulier, le nombre d'occasions, la qualite de la pedagogie, et la qualite de la cooperation.
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