Baseball pitching biomechanics in relation to pain, injury, and surgery: A systematic review.

[1]  The influence of baseball pitching distance on pitching biomechanics, pitch velocity, and ball movement. , 2020, Journal of science and medicine in sport.

[2]  Harish Chander,et al.  Mean muscle activation comparison between fastballs and curveballs with respect to the upper and lower extremity. , 2019, Journal of biomechanics.

[3]  G. Garrigues,et al.  Predicting Injury in Professional Baseball Pitchers From Delivery Mechanics: A Statistical Model Using Quantitative Video Analysis. , 2017, Orthopedics.

[4]  Dave Fortenbaugh,et al.  Changes in Youth Baseball Pitching Biomechanics: A 7-Year Longitudinal Study , 2018, The American journal of sports medicine.

[5]  Christopher L. Camp,et al.  Epidemiology of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in Major and Minor League Baseball Pitchers: Comprehensive Report on 1,313 Cases , 2017, Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine.

[6]  Christopher L. Camp,et al.  Epidemiology of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in Major and Minor League Baseball Pitchers: Comprehensive Report of 1,313 Cases , 2017 .

[7]  F. Su,et al.  The effects of forearm fatigue on baseball fastball pitching, with implications about elbow injury , 2016, Journal of sports sciences.

[8]  Terrance A. Sgroi,et al.  Correlates With History of Injury in Youth and Adolescent Pitchers. , 2015, Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association.

[9]  Andrew E. Lincoln,et al.  Early Cocking Phase Mechanics and Upper Extremity Surgery Risk in Starting Professional Baseball Pitchers , 2015, Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine.

[10]  Kyle T. Aune,et al.  Biomechanical Performance of Baseball Pitchers With a History of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction , 2015, The American journal of sports medicine.

[11]  P. Shekelle,et al.  Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement , 2015, Systematic Reviews.

[12]  Brett T. Monson,et al.  Postoperative Restoration of Upper Extremity Motion and Neuromuscular Control During the Overhand Pitch , 2014, The American journal of sports medicine.

[13]  Kyle T. Aune,et al.  Deficiencies in Pitching Biomechanics in Baseball Players With a History of Superior Labrum Anterior-Posterior Repair , 2014, The American journal of sports medicine.

[14]  L. Holmes,et al.  Stress Sonography of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament of the Elbow in Professional Baseball Pitchers , 2014, The American journal of sports medicine.

[15]  Dave Fortenbaugh,et al.  Trunk axial rotation in baseball pitching and batting , 2013, Sports biomechanics.

[16]  Bing Yu,et al.  Effect of Excessive Contralateral Trunk Tilt on Pitching Biomechanics and Performance in High School Baseball Pitchers , 2013, The American journal of sports medicine.

[17]  David W. Keeley,et al.  A Biomechanical Model Correlating Shoulder Kinetics to Pain in Young Baseball Pitchers , 2012, Journal of human kinetics.

[18]  Scott Tashman,et al.  Validation of a video-based motion analysis technique in 3-D dynamic scapular kinematic measurements. , 2012, Journal of biomechanics.

[19]  K. Laudner,et al.  Elbow isokinetic strength characteristics among collegiate baseball players. , 2012, Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine.

[20]  Ellen Shanley,et al.  Incidence of injuries in high school softball and baseball players. , 2011, Journal of athletic training.

[21]  Brett D Owens,et al.  Epidemiology of Major League Baseball Injuries , 2011, The American journal of sports medicine.

[22]  J. Driban,et al.  Reliability and validity of three quality rating instruments for systematic reviews of observational studies , 2011, Research synthesis methods.

[23]  Gretchen D Oliver,et al.  Pelvis and Torso Kinematics and Their Relationship to Shoulder Kinematics in High-School Baseball Pitchers , 2010, Journal of strength and conditioning research.

[24]  Yung-Shen Tsai,et al.  A comparison of throwing kinematics between youth baseball players with and without a history of medial elbow pain. , 2010, The Chinese journal of physiology.

[25]  Richard J Hawkins,et al.  Correlation of Torque and Elbow Injury in Professional Baseball Pitchers , 2010, The American journal of sports medicine.

[26]  Orr Limpisvasti,et al.  The Effect of Pitching Biomechanics on the Upper Extremity in Youth and Adolescent Baseball Pitchers , 2009, The American journal of sports medicine.

[27]  C. Collins,et al.  Epidemiological Features of High School Baseball Injuries in the United States, 2005–2007 , 2008, Pediatrics.

[28]  D. Moher,et al.  A comparison of direct vs. self‐report measures for assessing height, weight and body mass index: a systematic review , 2007, Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity.

[29]  J. Agel,et al.  Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15 sports: summary and recommendations for injury prevention initiatives. , 2007, Journal of athletic training.

[30]  H. Chambers,et al.  Effects of upper trunk rotation on shoulder joint torque among baseball pitchers of various levels. , 2007, Journal of applied biomechanics.

[31]  Glenn S. Fleisig,et al.  Risk Factors for Shoulder and Elbow Injuries in Adolescent Baseball Pitchers , 2006, The American journal of sports medicine.

[32]  Michael R. Torry,et al.  Biomechanics of the Shoulder in Youth Baseball Pitchers , 2005, The American journal of sports medicine.

[33]  T. Krosshaug,et al.  Understanding injury mechanisms: a key component of preventing injuries in sport , 2005, British Journal of Sports Medicine.

[34]  Richard J Hawkins,et al.  Valgus torque in youth baseball pitchers: A biomechanical study. , 2004, Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery.

[35]  Stephen Lyman,et al.  Effect of Pitch Type, Pitch Count, and Pitching Mechanics on Risk of Elbow and Shoulder Pain in Youth Baseball Pitchers , 2002, The American journal of sports medicine.

[36]  Richard J Hawkins,et al.  Relationship between throwing mechanics and elbow valgus in professional baseball pitchers. , 2002, Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery.

[37]  T. A. Murray,et al.  Relationships between Throwing Mechanics and Shoulder Distraction in Professional Baseball Pitchers , 2001, The American journal of sports medicine.

[38]  Glenn S. Fleisig,et al.  Relationship of Pelvis and Upper Torso Kinematics to Pitched Baseball Velocity , 2001 .

[39]  Frank E. Harrell,et al.  Regression Modeling Strategies: With Applications to Linear Models, Logistic Regression, and Survival Analysis , 2001 .

[40]  R F Escamilla,et al.  Kinematic and kinetic comparison of baseball pitching among various levels of development. , 1999, Journal of biomechanics.

[41]  G. Fleisig,et al.  Elbow injuries in young baseball players. , 1999, The Physician and sportsmedicine.

[42]  N. Black,et al.  The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. , 1998, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

[43]  Herbert Hatze,et al.  Validity and Reliability of Methods for Testing Vertical Jumping Performance , 1998 .

[44]  T. Ellenbecker,et al.  Medial Elbow Joint Laxity in Professional Baseball Pitchers , 1998, The American journal of sports medicine.

[45]  J. Perry,et al.  Dynamic stability of the elbow: electromyographic analysis of the flexor pronator group and the extensor group in pitchers with valgus instability. , 1996, Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery.

[46]  J. Young,et al.  The influence of the spine on the shoulder in the throwing athlete. , 1996, Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation.

[47]  G. Fleisig,et al.  Kinetics of Baseball Pitching with Implications About Injury Mechanisms , 1995, The American journal of sports medicine.

[48]  G. Fleisig,et al.  Biomechanics of the elbow during baseball pitching. , 1993, The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy.

[49]  C. Dillman Valgus extension overload in baseball pitching , 1991 .

[50]  Michael E. Feltner,et al.  Three-Dimensional Interactions in a Two-Segment Kinetic Chain. Part I: General Model , 1989 .

[51]  J. Dapena,et al.  Dynamics of the shoulder and elbow joints of the throwing arm during a baseball pitch , 1986 .

[52]  Kai-Nan An,et al.  Articular and ligamentous contributions to the stability of the elbow joint , 1983, The American journal of sports medicine.

[53]  H. Gray Gray's Anatomy , 1858 .