A Synchronization Structure of SSTC and Its Applications in Machine Translation

In this paper, a flexible annotation schema called (SSTC) is introduced. In order to describe the correspondence between different languages, we propose a variant of SSTC called synchronous SSTC (S-SSTC). We will also describe how S-SSTC provides the flexibility to treat some of the non-standard cases, which are problematic to other synchronous formalisms. The proposed S-SSTC schema is well suited to describe the correspondence between different languages, in particular, relating a language with its translation in another language (i.e. in Machine Translation). Also it can be used as annotation for translation systems that automatically extract transfer mappings (rules or examples) from bilingual corpora. The S-SSTC is very well suited for the construction of a Bilingual Knowledge Bank (BKB), where the examples are kept in form of S-SSTCs.

[1]  Giorgio Satta,et al.  Synchronous Models of Language , 1996, ACL.

[2]  Satoshi Sato,et al.  Toward Memory-based Translation , 1990, COLING.

[3]  Fred Popowich,et al.  What is example-based machine translation? , 2001, MTSUMMIT.

[4]  Mosleh H. Al-Adhaileh Example-Based Machine Translation Based on the Synchronous SSTC Annotation Schema , 1999 .

[5]  Stuart M. Shieber,et al.  Synchronous Tree-Adjoining Grammars , 1990, COLING.

[6]  Hiroyuki Kaji,et al.  Learning Translation Templates From Bilingual Text , 1992, COLING.

[7]  Tang Enya Kong,et al.  Converting a bilingual dictionary into a bilingual knowledge bank based on the synchronous SSTC , 2001, MTSUMMIT.

[8]  Harold L. Somers,et al.  Review Article: Example-based Machine Translation , 1999, Machine Translation.

[9]  Sylvain Kahane,et al.  What Is a Natural Language and How to Describe It? Meaning-Text Approaches in Contrast with Generative Approaches (Invited Talk) , 2001, CICLing.

[10]  Zaharin Yusoff,et al.  Natural Languages Analysis in Machine Translation (MT) Based on the STCG (String-Tree Correspondence Grammar) , 1995 .

[11]  Victor Sadler,et al.  Pilot Implementation of a Bilingual Knowledge Bank , 1990, COLING.

[12]  Christian Boitet,et al.  Representation trees and string-tree correspondences , 1988, COLING.

[13]  Arul Menezes,et al.  Achieving commercial-quality translation with example-based methods , 2001, MTSUMMIT.

[14]  Arul Menezes,et al.  A best-first alignment algorithm for automatic extraction of transfer mappings from bilingual corpora , 2001, DDMMT@ACL.

[15]  Ralph Grishman,et al.  Chart-Based Transfer Rule Application in Machine Translation , 2000, COLING.

[16]  Yuji Matsumoto,et al.  Sructural Matching of Parallel Texts , 1993, ACL.

[17]  Aravind K. Joshi,et al.  Using Lexicalized Tags for Machine Translation , 1990, COLING.

[18]  Sadao Kurohashi,et al.  Finding Structural Correspondences from Bilingual Parsed Corpus for Corpus-based Translation , 2000, COLING.

[19]  STUART M. SHIEBER RESTRICTING THE WEAK‐GENERATIVE CAPACITY OF SYNCHRONOUS TREE‐ADJOINING GRAMMARS , 1994, Comput. Intell..

[20]  Ralph Grishman,et al.  Alignment of Shared Forests for Bilingual Corpora , 1996, COLING.