A functional network study of patients with mild depression based on source location

Previous studies have shown that functional changes in depression are a context-specific rather than generalized across stimuli. In our study, with the aim of investigating the differences in the functional networks, electroencephalogram (EEG) data were collected from 27 mild depression (MD) and 27 normal controls (NC) using the Cue - Target paradigm. The exact low resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA) method is applied to estimate the three-dimensional distribution of the current density of the brain source, and lagged coherence(LC), lagged phase synchronization(LPS), lagged linear connectivity(LLC), lagged nonlinear connectivity(LNC) are used to calculate the functional connections between pairs of regions of interest. In the four frequency bands of delta, theta, alpha and beta, the clustering coefficient (CC) and characteristic path length (CPL) were calculated and statistical analysis was performed. Our research found that the electrophysiological activity of MD in Brodmann area (BA) 7 was stronger than that of NC in all frequency bands. When the cue is color block and the prompt is inconsistent with the target, the CC and CPL of MD and NC were significantly different in the delta, theta, and beta frequency band. This result showed that the functional network change of MD was most obvious when cue is an arrow and the cue is inconsistent with the target. In this condition, the CC and CPL of MD are greater than that of NC, indicating that these network characteristics might be used as biological indicators to identify MD.

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