Local Regulation of Microvascular Perfusion

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the local control of microvascular perfusion, which has been described as “the maintenance of appropriate tissue blood flow despite changes in arterial pressure, changes in local rate of metabolism, changes in nutrient concentrations in the blood, or changes in any other [local] factor that might affect the tissue demand for nutrients”. The discussion includes the phenomena of flow/pressure regulation, reactive hyperemia, functional hyperemia, and the underlying mechanisms of each. The chapter focuses on recent insights into metabolic and myogenic control mechanisms. Substantial progress has been made on two additional mechanisms that contribute to local control of microvascular perfusion: flow-induced responses and conducted responses. The chapter also addresses some of the interactions between flow-induced dilation and myogenic/metabolic responses focusing on selected aspects of conducted vasodilation as they relate to functional hyperemia and to the coordination of segmental control mechanisms.

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