In vitro and in vivo assessment of an intelligent artificial anal sphincter in rabbits.

Artificial sphincters have been developed for patients with fecal incontinence, but finding a way to make such sphincters more "intelligent" remains a problem. We assessed the function of a novel intelligent artificial anal sphincter (IAAS) in vitro and in vivo in rabbits. After the prosthesis was activated, rabbits were continent of feces during 81.4% of the activation time. The fecal detection unit provided 100% correct signals on stool in vitro and 65.7% in vivo. The results indicated that the IAAS could efficiently maintain continence and detect stool; however, the IAAS is still in the preliminary experimental stage and more work is needed to improve the system.

[1]  G J Maddern,et al.  Systematic review of safety and effectiveness of an artificial bowel sphincter for faecal incontinence , 2004, The British journal of surgery.

[2]  J. Wells,et al.  The potential of near infra-red interactance for predicting body composition in children , 2001, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

[3]  J. V. Roig Vila,et al.  Long‐term results of artificial bowel sphincter for the treatment of severe faecal incontinence. Are they what we hoped for? , 2009, Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland.

[4]  S. Bruley des Varannes,et al.  Outcome of patients with an implanted artificial anal sphincter for severe faecal incontinence A single institution report , 1998, International Journal of Colorectal Disease.

[5]  M. Rinaldi,et al.  Multicentre retrospective analysis of the outcome of artificial anal sphincter implantation for severe faecal incontinence , 2001, The British journal of surgery.

[6]  John R. Christiansen,et al.  Long-term results of artificial anal sphincter implantation for severe anal incontinence. , 1999, Annals of surgery.

[7]  W. V. van Gemert,et al.  The artificial bowel sphincter for faecal incontinence: a single centre study , 2007, International Journal of Colorectal Disease.

[8]  A. Leroi,et al.  Constipation in 44 patients implanted with an artificial bowel sphincter , 2009, International Journal of Colorectal Disease.

[9]  John R. Christiansen,et al.  IMPLANTATION OF ARTIFICIAL SPHINCTER FOR ANAL INCONTINENCE , 1987, The Lancet.

[10]  A. Bueno,et al.  Long-term results of artificial bowel sphincter for the treatment of severe faecal incontinence. Are they what we hoped for? , 2009 .

[11]  M. Safioleas,et al.  Anorectal incontinence: therapeutic strategy of a complex surgical problem. , 2008, Hepato-gastroenterology.

[12]  G. Savoye,et al.  Manometric assessment of an artificial bowel sphincter , 2000, The British journal of surgery.

[13]  I. Finlay,et al.  Outcome after implantation of a novel prosthetic anal sphincter in humans , 2004, The British journal of surgery.

[14]  M. Feldmann,et al.  INHIBITORY EFFECT OF TNFα ANTIBODIES ON SYNOVIAL CELL INTERLEUKIN-1 PRODUCTION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS , 1989, The Lancet.

[15]  C A Hajivassiliou,et al.  Assessment of a novel implantable artificial anal sphincter , 1997, Diseases of the colon and rectum.

[16]  J. Fleshman,et al.  The Safety and Efficacy of the Artificial Bowel Sphincter for Fecal Incontinence: Results from a Multicenter Cohort Study , 2002 .

[17]  D. Burke,et al.  Measurement of the Anal Cushions by Transvaginal Ultrasonography , 2006, Diseases of the colon and rectum.

[18]  S. Scott,et al.  Importance of extrasphincteric mechanisms in the pathophysiology of faecal incontinence in adults with a history of anorectal anomaly , 2008, The British journal of surgery.

[19]  Steven D. Wexner,et al.  Therapeutic devices for fecal incontinence: dynamic graciloplasty, artificial bowel sphincter and sacral nerve stimulation , 2009, Expert review of medical devices.

[20]  Kevin S Dawes,et al.  An instrument for the non-invasive assessment of lip function during speech. , 2005, Medical engineering & physics.

[21]  Pulse total-hemoglobinometer provides accurate noninvasive monitoring , 2005, Critical care medicine.

[22]  P. Woias,et al.  Development of a novel, remote-controlled artificial bowel sphincter through microsystems technology. , 2006, Artificial organs.