Soft tissue extensor mechanism tendon ruptures of the knee.

Ruptures of the extensor mechanism of the knee are serious injuries requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. They can be divided into soft tissue and bony causes. Soft tissue tendon injuries can be either partial or complete. Rupture of the quadriceps tendon is an uncommon injury and is more frequent in patients over the age of 40 years. Patella tendon ruptures are even rarer and are more frequent in patients under the age of 40 years. Causes can be direct or indirect. Complete ruptures of the quadriceps tendon or patella tendon benefit from early surgical management, while partial ruptures may be managed non-operatively. This article gives an overview of the presentation, assessment and management of soft tissue extensor mechanism tendon ruptures for core surgical, acute care common stem and emergency medicine trainees.

[1]  A. V. von Keudell,et al.  Comparison of adverse events and postoperative mobilization following knee extensor mechanism rupture repair: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. , 2017, Injury.

[2]  W. Khan,et al.  Adult native knee extensor mechanism ruptures. , 2016, Injury.

[3]  T. Simons,et al.  Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Tendinous Knee Extensor Mechanism Injuries , 2016, Scandinavian journal of surgery : SJS : official organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society.

[4]  T. Mccarthy,et al.  MRI features of a quadriceps tendon rupture , 2015, BMJ Case Reports.

[5]  D. Saragaglia,et al.  Acute quadriceps tendon ruptures: a series of 50 knees with an average follow-up of more than 6 years. , 2014, Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research : OTSR.

[6]  J. Perfitt,et al.  Acute quadriceps tendon rupture: a pragmatic approach to diagnostic imaging , 2014, European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology.

[7]  D. Stinner,et al.  Quadriceps and Patellar Tendon Ruptures , 2013, The Journal of Knee Surgery.

[8]  D. Saragaglia,et al.  Acute and old ruptures of the extensor apparatus of the knee in adults (excluding knee replacement). , 2013, Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research : OTSR.

[9]  C. Court-Brown,et al.  The epidemiology of musculoskeletal tendinous and ligamentous injuries. , 2008, Injury.

[10]  M. Heinzelmann,et al.  Quadriceps and patellar tendon rupture. , 2006, Injury.

[11]  A. Georgoulis,et al.  The extensor mechanism of the knee joint: an anatomical study , 2006, Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy.

[12]  W. Kim,et al.  Spontaneous and simultaneous rupture of both quadriceps tendons in a patient with chronic renal failure , 2005, Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy.

[13]  F. Frassica,et al.  Atraumatic bilateral patellar tendon rupture, A case report and review of the literature. , 2001, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[14]  M. Matava.  Patellar Tendon Ruptures , 1996, The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

[15]  S. Orava,et al.  Repair of partial quadriceps tendon rupture. Observations in 28 cases. , 1994, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[16]  P. Kannus,et al.  Histopathological changes preceding spontaneous rupture of a tendon. A controlled study of 891 patients. , 1991, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[17]  J. Rao,et al.  Ruptures of the extensor mechanism of the knee joint. , 1981, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.