Active Gain Slope Compensation in Large-Capacity, Long-Haul WDM Transmission System

Large-capacity, long-haul wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) transm1ss1on systems require broad WDM signal bandwidth, which can be expanded with broadband erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA),1 gain-equalizer (GEQ),2,3 and pre-emphasis at the transmitter.