NHLBI Workshop Strategic Plan for Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research An NHLBI Working Group Report

Hospital, The Division of Lung Diseases of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) recently held a workshop to identify gaps in our understandingandtreatmentofchildhoodlungdiseasesandtodefine strategies to enhance translational research in this field. Leading experts with diverse experience in both laboratory and patient- oriented research reviewed selected areas of pediatric lung diseases, including perinatal programming and epigenetic influences; mecha- nisms of lung injury, repair, and regeneration; pulmonary vascular disease; sleep and control of breathing; and the application of novel translational methods to enhance personalized medicine. This report summarizes the proceedings of this workshop and provides recom- mendations for emphasis on targeted areas for future investigation. The priority areas identified for research in pediatric pulmonary diseases included: ( 1 ) epigenetic and environmental influences on lung development that program pediatric lung diseases; ( 2 ) injury, regeneration, and repair in the developing lung; ( 3 ) pulmonary vascular disease in children; ( 4 ) development and adaptation of ventilatory responses to postnatal life; ( 5 ) nonatopic wheezing: aberrant large airway development or injury?; ( 6 ) strategies to improveassessment,diagnosis,andtreatmentofpediatricrespiratory diseases; and ( 7 ) predictive and personalized medicine for children.

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