Directed Attention as a Common Resource for Executive Functioning and Self-Regulation

Research on executive functioning and on self-regulation have each identified a critical resource that is central to that domain and is susceptible to depletion. In addition, studies have shown that self-regulation tasks and executive-functioning tasks interact with each other, suggesting that they may share resources. Other research has focused specifically on restoring what we propose is the shared resource between self-regulation and executive functioning. Utilizing a theory-based natural environment intervention, these studies have found improvements in executive-functioning performance and self-regulation effectiveness, suggesting that the natural environment intervention restores this shared resource.

[1]  K. Vohs,et al.  Handbook of self-regulation , 2011 .

[2]  Richard L. Lewis,et al.  In search of decay in verbal short-term memory. , 2009, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

[3]  J. Jonides,et al.  The Cognitive Benefits of Interacting With Nature , 2008, Psychological science.

[4]  Stephan Lewandowsky,et al.  Interference-Based Forgetting in Verbal Short-Term Memory. , 2008 .

[5]  M. Gailliot,et al.  Unlocking the Energy Dynamics of Executive Functioning: Linking Executive Functioning to Brain Glycogen , 2008, Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.

[6]  Ethan Kross,et al.  Facilitating Adaptive Emotional Analysis: Distinguishing Distanced-Analysis of Depressive Experiences From Immersed-Analysis and Distraction , 2008, Personality & social psychology bulletin.

[7]  R. Baumeister,et al.  Toward a Physiology of Dual-Process Reasoning and Judgment: Lemonade, Willpower, and Expensive Rule-Based Analysis , 2008, Psychological science.

[8]  Richard L. Lewis,et al.  The mind and brain of short-term memory. , 2008, Annual review of psychology.

[9]  Stephan Lewandowsky,et al.  Author ' s personal copy Interference-based forgetting in verbal short-term memory , 2008 .

[10]  Yiyuan Tang,et al.  The anterior cingulate gyrus and the mechanism of self-regulation , 2007, Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience.

[11]  M. Posner,et al.  Short-term meditation training improves attention and self-regulation , 2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[12]  E. Miller,et al.  Response to Comment on "Top-Down Versus Bottom-Up Control of Attention in the Prefrontal and Posterior Parietal Cortices" , 2007, Science.

[13]  B. Frey,et al.  Does Watching TV Make Us Happy? , 2005 .

[14]  Mark Muraven,et al.  Restoring the self: Positive affect helps improve self-regulation following ego depletion , 2007 .

[15]  C. Blair,et al.  Relating effortful control, executive function, and false belief understanding to emerging math and literacy ability in kindergarten. , 2007, Child development.

[16]  S. Segerstrom,et al.  Heart Rate Variability Reflects Self-Regulatory Strength, Effort, and Fatigue , 2007, Psychological science.

[17]  R. Baumeister,et al.  Self-control relies on glucose as a limited energy source: willpower is more than a metaphor. , 2007, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[18]  M. Fillmore,et al.  Alcohol effects on inhibitory control of attention: distinguishing between intentional and automatic mechanisms , 2006, Psychopharmacology.

[19]  M. Muraven,et al.  Conserving self-control strength. , 2006, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[20]  J. Pennebaker,et al.  Benefits of expressive writing in lowering rumination and depressive symptoms. , 2006, Behavior therapy.

[21]  Michael Inzlicht,et al.  How Environments Can Threaten Academic Performance, Self-Knowledge, and Sense of Belonging , 2006 .

[22]  R. Chervin,et al.  Sleep-Disordered Breathing, Behavior, and Cognition in Children Before and After Adenotonsillectomy , 2006, Pediatrics.

[23]  J. Bargh.  What have we been priming all these years? On the development, mechanisms, and ecology of nonconscious social behavior. , 2006, European journal of social psychology.

[24]  J. Polich,et al.  Meditation states and traits: EEG, ERP, and neuroimaging studies. , 2006, Psychological bulletin.

[25]  J. de Houwer,et al.  Automaticity: a theoretical and conceptual analysis. , 2006, Psychological bulletin.

[26]  W. Schneider,et al.  Neuroimaging studies of practice-related change: fMRI and meta-analytic evidence of a domain-general control network for learning. , 2005, Brain research. Cognitive brain research.

[27]  R. Berto.  Exposure to restorative environments helps restore attentional capacity , 2005 .

[28]  K. Gonsalkorale,et al.  “That Is Bloody Revolting!” , 2005, Psychological science.

[29]  Jin Fan,et al.  The activation of attentional networks , 2005, NeuroImage.

[30]  K. Vohs,et al.  Self-regulation and self-presentation: regulatory resource depletion impairs impression management and effortful self-presentation depletes regulatory resources. , 2005, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[31]  J. Wixted.  CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE A Theory About Why We Forget What We Once Knew , 2022 .

[32]  P. Grahn,et al.  A Comparison of Leisure Time Spent in a Garden with Leisure Time Spent Indoors: On Measures of Restoration in Residents in Geriatric Care , 2005 .

[33]  K. Vohs,et al.  Handbook of self-regulation : research, theory, and applications , 2004 .

[34]  Todd F. Heatherton,et al.  The cognitive neuroscience of self-regulation. In R.F. Baumeister & K.D. Vohs (Eds.) New York: Guilford Press , 2004 .

[35]  J. Kabat-Zinn,et al.  Full catastrophe living : how to cope with stress, pain and illness using mindfulness meditation , 2004 .

[36]  F. Craik,et al.  The effects of aging and divided attention on memory for item and associative information. , 2003, Psychology and aging.

[37]  C. L. Wyland,et al.  An fMRI investigation of the impact of interracial contact on executive function , 2003, Nature Neuroscience.

[38]  J. Nasar,et al.  The Restorative Effects of Roadside Vegetation , 2003 .

[39]  David L Ronis,et al.  An Environmental Intervention to Restore Attention in Women With Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer , 2003, Cancer nursing.

[40]  K. Vohs,et al.  Intellectual performance and ego depletion: role of the self in logical reasoning and other information processing. , 2003, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[41]  R. Davidson,et al.  Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation , 2003, Psychosomatic medicine.

[42]  P. Sheeran,et al.  Can implementation intentions help to overcome ego-depletion? , 2003 .

[43]  Walter Schneider,et al.  Controlled & automatic processing: behavior, theory, and biological mechanisms , 2003, Cogn. Sci..

[44]  M. L. Schäfer,et al.  Zur Geschichte des Neurastheniekonzeptes und seiner modernen Varianten Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrom, Fibromyalgie sowie Multiple Chemische Sensitivität , 2002 .

[45]  L. Rohde,et al.  Neuropsychological Performance in DSM-IV ADHD Subtypes: An Exploratory Study with Untreated Adolescents , 2002, Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie.

[46]  Eyal M. Reingold,et al.  Saccadic Inhibition in Voluntary and Reflexive Saccades , 2002, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[47]  Bruce D. McCandliss,et al.  Testing the Efficiency and Independence of Attentional Networks , 2002, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[48]  R. Brown,et al.  Rumination and executive function in depression: an experimental study , 2002, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[49]  M. Corbetta,et al.  Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain , 2002, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[50]  M. Csíkszentmihályi,et al.  Television addiction is no mere metaphor. , 2002, Scientific American.

[51]  M. Schäfer.  [On the history of the concept neurasthenia and its modern variants chronic-fatigue-syndrome, fibromyalgia and multiple chemical sensitivities]. , 2002, Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie.

[52]  S. Kaplan.  Meditation, Restoration, and the Management of Mental Fatigue , 2001 .

[53]  A. Henik,et al.  Attentional asymmetry in schizophrenia: disengagement and inhibition of return deficits. , 2001, Neuropsychology.

[54]  F. E. Kuo,et al.  Aggression and Violence in the Inner City , 2001 .

[55]  F. E. Kuo,et al.  Environment and Crime in the Inner City , 2001 .

[56]  F. E. Kuo,et al.  Coping with Poverty , 2001 .

[57]  D. Munoz,et al.  On your mark, get set: Brainstem circuitry underlying saccadic initiation , 2000 .

[58]  N. Kalin,et al.  Emotion, plasticity, context, and regulation: perspectives from affective neuroscience. , 2000, Psychological bulletin.

[59]  R. Davidson,et al.  Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotion regulation--a possible prelude to violence. , 2000, Science.

[60]  R. Baumeister,et al.  Ego Depletion: A Resource Model of Volition, Self-Regulation, and Controlled Processing , 2000 .

[61]  Martha B. Bronson.  Self-Regulation in Early Childhood: Nature and Nurture , 2000 .

[62]  T. Chartrand,et al.  THE UNBEARABLE AUTOMATICITY OF BEING , 1999 .

[63]  D. Munoz,et al.  Saccadic Probability Influences Motor Preparation Signals and Time to Saccadic Initiation , 1998, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[64]  R. Baumeister,et al.  Ego depletion: is the active self a limited resource? , 1998, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[65]  D. Munoz,et al.  Lateral inhibitory interactions in the intermediate layers of the monkey superior colliculus. , 1998, Journal of neurophysiology.

[66]  T. R. Herzog,et al.  Reflection and attentional recovery as distinctive benefits of restorative environments , 1997 .

[67]  J. Pennebaker.  Writing About Emotional Experiences as a Therapeutic Process , 1997 .

[68]  M. Rothbart,et al.  Attention in Early Development: Themes and Variations , 1996 .

[69]  C. Steele,et al.  Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans. , 1995, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[70]  Stephen Kaplan,et al.  The restorative benefits of nature: Toward an integrative framework , 1995 .

[71]  L. Nail,et al.  Fatigue and the cancer experience: the state of the knowledge. , 1994, Oncology nursing forum.

[72]  R. Kaplan.  The role of nature in the context of the workplace , 1993 .

[73]  M. Bradley,et al.  Looking at pictures: affective, facial, visceral, and behavioral reactions. , 1993, Psychophysiology.

[74]  B. Cimprich,et al.  Development of an intervention to restore attention in cancer patients , 1993, Cancer nursing.

[75]  C. Vázquez,et al.  Automatic and effortful processing in depression. , 1993, Psychological bulletin.

[76]  C. Geula,et al.  Architecture of connectivity within a cingulo-fronto-parietal neurocognitive network for directed attention. , 1993, Archives of neurology.

[77]  E. Capaldi,et al.  The organization of behavior. , 1992, Journal of applied behavior analysis.

[78]  K. Blesch,et al.  Correlates of fatigue in people with breast or lung cancer. , 1991, Oncology nursing forum.

[79]  G E Larson,et al.  CAN ACCIDENTS BE PREDICTED. AN EMPIRICAL TEST OF THE COGNITIVE FAILURES QUESTIONNAIRE; JOURNAL ARTICLE FOR PERIOD ENDING 1991 , 1991 .

[80]  Lisa Canin.  Psychological restoration among AIDS caregivers: Maintaining self-care. , 1991 .

[81]  J. Rapoport,et al.  Automatic and effortful processing in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder , 1988, Journal of abnormal child psychology.

[82]  Donald A. Norman,et al.  Attention to Action , 1986 .

[83]  R. Kaplan.  Wilderness perception and psychological benefits: An analysis of a continuing program , 1984 .

[84]  E. Moore.  A Prison Environment's Effect on Health Care Service Demands , 1981 .

[85]  D. Norman,et al.  Attention to action: Willed and automatic control , 1980 .

[86]  Shirlynn Spacapan,et al.  The aftereffects of stress: An attentional interpretation , 1978 .

[87]  E. E. Jones.  Four arguments for the elimination of television. , 1978 .

[88]  Alan S. Brown,et al.  Information Processing and Cognition: The Loyola Symposium , 1976 .

[89]  M. Posner,et al.  Attention and cognitive control. , 1975 .

[90]  D. Kahneman,et al.  Attention and Effort , 1973 .

[91]  J E Singer,et al.  Behavioral aftereffects of unpredictable and uncontrollable aversive events. , 1972, American scientist.

[92]  L. Kleinsmith,et al.  INTERACTION OF AROUSAL AND RECALL INTERVAL IN NONSENSE SYLLABLE PAIRED-ASSOCIATE LEARNING. , 1964, Journal of Experimental Psychology.

[93]  L. Kleinsmith,et al.  THE RELATIONSHIP OF AROUSAL TO SHORT- AND LONGTERM VERBAL RECALL. , 1963, Canadian journal of psychology.

[94]  S. Kaplan,et al.  Paired-associate learning as a function of arousal and interpolated interval. , 1963, Journal of experimental psychology.

[95]  G. A. Miller.  THE PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW THE MAGICAL NUMBER SEVEN, PLUS OR MINUS TWO: SOME LIMITS ON OUR CAPACITY FOR PROCESSING INFORMATION 1 , 1956 .

[96]  K. Lewin,et al.  Untersuchungen zur Handlungs- und Affektpsychologie , 1927 .

[97]  W. James.  Psychology: Briefer Course , 2020 .