Energy and exergy analysis of alumina-water nanofluid for an electronic liquid cooling system☆

Abstract Energy and exergy analysis of a rectangular shape minichannel heat sink is experimentally performed using nanofluid as coolants. The Al2O3–water nanofluid with nanoparticle concentrations of 0.10 to 0.25 vol.% were used as coolants to analyze the effect of changing the flow rate ranging from 0.375 to 1.0 l/min. The highest energy efficiency was found to be 94.68% for 0.25 vol.% of Al2O3–water nanofluid and flow rate of 0.375 l/min. The highest improvement of outlet exergy (60.86%) of the heat sink was obtained for Al2O3–water nanofluid at 0.25 vol.% compared to water at the flow rate of 1.0 l/min. The exergy gain increased accordingly with the increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles and decreased with the rise of flow rate. The highest exergy gain was found at 0.25 vol.% of nanofluid. The second law efficiency (exergy efficiency) found to be augmented with the rise of the volume fractions of nanofluid. The friction factor decreased with the augmentation of flow rate and increased with the rise of the volume fractions of nanoparticles.

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