An evaluation in the choice of inputs and outputs in the efficiency measurement of police forces

Abstract The new Labour government has recently instigated an initiative to establish whether English and Welsh police forces should be ranked into groups based on an efficiency measure. A particular problem, however, is that policing includes many inputs and outputs (outcomes) that could potentially be utilised in efficiency models. This paper considers the problems associated with measuring relative police force efficiency given that a vast number of potential indicators (inputs and outputs) must be reduced to a handful to allow feasible estimation. In addition, it discusses the input and output variables utilised in the first ‘official’ analysis of English and Welsh police force efficiency [Demonstration Project, Home Office, London, UK, 2001].

[1]  Vani K. Borooah,et al.  Racial bias in police stops and searches: an economic analysis , 2001 .

[2]  J M Freeman,et al.  Improving Police Performance. , 1992 .

[3]  Shinn Sun,et al.  Measuring the relative efficiency of police precincts using data envelopment analysis , 2002 .

[4]  Llad Phillips,et al.  Police Effectiveness and the Production Function for Law Enforcement , 1972, The Journal of Legal Studies.

[5]  R. Simper,et al.  X-efficiency and scale economies in policing: a comparative study using the distribution free approach and DEA , 2002 .

[6]  R. Simper,et al.  The Economic Evaluation of Policing Activity: An Application of a Hybrid Methodology , 2001 .

[7]  F. Sebold,et al.  Quasi Returns-to-Scale in the Provision of Police Service , 1972 .

[8]  M. Mancebón,et al.  The efficiency of the Spanish police service: an application of the multiactivity DEA model , 2002 .

[9]  Leigh Drake,et al.  Productivity estimation and the size-efficiency relationship in English and Welsh police forces: An application of data envelopment analysis and multiple discriminant analysis , 2000 .

[10]  R. Carr-Hill Developing a robust resource allocation formulae for police , 2000 .

[11]  T. Jones,et al.  The Transformation of Policing? Understanding Current Trends in Policing Systems , 2002 .

[12]  R. Mawby,et al.  Evaluating Core Policing in Britain: The Views of Police and Consumers☆ , 1997 .

[13]  Leigh Drake,et al.  The measurement of English and Welsh police force efficiency: A comparison of distance function models , 2003, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[14]  W. Skogan The Police and Public Opinion in Britain , 1996 .

[15]  Lawrence L. Martin,et al.  Assessing the Performance of Municipal Police Services Using Data Envelopment Analysis: An Exploratory Study , 1999 .

[16]  Suthathip Yaisawarng,et al.  Performance Measurement in Government Service Provision: The Case of Police Services in New South Wales , 1997 .

[17]  Emmanuel Thanassoulis,et al.  Assessing police forces in England and Wales using data envelopment analysis , 1995 .

[18]  K. Gyimah-Brempong,et al.  Factor Substitution, Price Elasticity of Factor Demand and Returns to Scale in Police Production: Evidence from Michigan , 1988 .

[19]  M. Darrough,et al.  Law Enforcement Agencies as Multi-Product Firms: An Econometric Investigation of Production Costs , 1979 .