Wall Rock Deformation Characteristics and Controlling of Shallow Covered Slope Section of the Tunnel

Difficulties of tunnel construction mainly appear in the entrance and exit stage.According to incomplete statistics,more than 50% tunnel deformation and failure phenomena appear in the entrance and exit of the construction phase.The appearances of deformation are slope shear slip,the hole section of tunnel collapse,roof collapse,etc..The occurrence of such destruction often causes greater loss of engineering and even results in heavy casualties.Therefore,it has great significance to adopt strict monitoring measures in the construction of the entrance to ensure safety construction.According to measurement data of tunnel monitoring and practical experience,the paper introduces wall rock deformation characteristics of shallow covered slope section of the tunnel during excavation and the effective control treatment measures in terms of typical examples.