[Expert Consensus document on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in cardiovascular disease].

Expert consensus document on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in cardiovascular disease.

[1]  C. Reid,et al.  A comparison of outcomes with angiotensin-converting--enzyme inhibitors and diuretics for hypertension in the elderly. , 2003, The New England journal of medicine.

[2]  J. Tomaszewski,et al.  Renin and angiotensin. , 1968, Lancet.

[3]  Therapy Study Investigators Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure , 1993, The Lancet.

[4]  Jean-Claude Tardif,et al.  Enalapril reduces the incidence of diabetes in patients with chronic heart failure: insight from the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). , 2003, Circulation.

[5]  I. Piña,et al.  Practical recommendations for the use of ACE inhibitors, beta‐blockers and spironolactone in heart failure: putting guidelines into practice , 2001, European journal of heart failure.

[6]  Shah Ebrahim,et al.  JOINT ESC GUIDELINES 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice – Web Addenda , 2016 .

[7]  S. Yusuf,et al.  Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. , 2000 .

[8]  E. Schiffrin,et al.  Comparison of effects of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibition and beta-blockade for 2 years on function of small arteries from hypertensive patients. , 1995, Hypertension.

[9]  S. Yusuf,et al.  Effect of enalapril on mortality and the development of heart failure in asymptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions. , 1992, The New England journal of medicine.

[10]  Salim Yusuf,et al.  Prevention of Heart Failure in Patients in the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study , 2003, Circulation.

[11]  J. Mahnken,et al.  Predictors of the Development of Hyperkalemia in Patients Using Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors , 2000, American Journal of Nephrology.

[12]  E. Philbin,et al.  Systolic versus diastolic heart failure in community practice: clinical features, outcomes, and the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. , 2000, The American journal of medicine.

[13]  F. Kajiya,et al.  Zonal heterogeneity in action of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor on renal microcirculation: role of intrarenal bradykinin. , 1999, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN.

[14]  Bertram Pitt,et al.  Effect of losartan compared with captopril on mortality in patients with symptomatic heart failure: randomised trial—the Losartan Heart Failure Survival Study ELITE II , 2000, The Lancet.

[15]  Jan A Staessen,et al.  Cardiovascular protection and blood pressure reduction: a meta-analysis , 2001, The Lancet.

[16]  T. Hedner,et al.  Randomised trial of old and new antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients: cardiovascular mortality and morbidity the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension-2 study , 1999, The Lancet.

[17]  K. Swedberg,et al.  Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure , European Society of Cardiology : , 2001 .

[18]  J. Leor,et al.  Comparison of effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors after acute myocardial infarction in diabetic versus nondiabetic patients. , 2003, The American journal of cardiology.

[19]  U Ravens,et al.  Task Force on Sudden Cardiac Death of the European Society of Cardiology. , 2001, European heart journal.

[20]  K. Swedberg,et al.  Effects of 12 weeks of ramipril treatment on the quality of life in patients with moderate congestive heart failure: Results of a placebo-controlled trial , 1995, Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy.

[21]  S. Yusuf,et al.  Comparison of neuroendocrine activation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction with and without congestive heart failure. A substudy of the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). , 1990, Circulation.

[22]  B. Pitt,et al.  Effect of enalapril on myocardial infarction and unstable angina in patients with low ejection fractions , 1992, The Lancet.

[23]  Karl Swedberg,et al.  Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Added trial , 2003, The Lancet.

[24]  A. Husain The chymase-angiotensin system in humans. , 1993, Journal of hypertension.

[25]  W. Boon,et al.  HYPOTHESIS: ALDOSTERONE IS SYNTHESIZED BY AN ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY DURING SEVERE SODIUM DEPLETION. ‘A NEW WINE IN AN OLD BOTTLE’ , 1998, Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology.

[26]  R. Dibianco Adverse Reactions with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors , 1986, Medical toxicology.

[27]  B. Magnani,et al.  The effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor zofenopril on mortality and morbidity after anterior myocardial infarction , 1995 .

[28]  K. Dickstein,et al.  Effects of losartan and captopril on mortality and morbidity after acute myocardial infarction: The OPTIMAAL randomized trial. , 2002 .

[29]  K. Teo,et al.  Long-Term Effects of Cholesterol Lowering and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition on Coronary Atherosclerosis: The Simvastatin/Enalapril Coronary Atherosclerosis Trial (SCAT) , 2000, Circulation.

[30]  R. Bain,et al.  The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. , 1993 .

[31]  K. Swedberg,et al.  Absence of effect on exercise capacity of 12-weeks treatment with ramipril in patients with moderate congestive heart failure. Ramipril Study Group. , 1994, European heart journal.

[32]  E. Lonn,et al.  The relevance of tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme: manifestations in mechanistic and endpoint data. , 2001, The American journal of cardiology.

[33]  M. A. Plant Hormones regulating cardiovascular function in patients with severe congestive heart failure and their relation to mortality , 1991 .

[34]  D. Vaughan,et al.  Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. , 1998, Circulation.

[35]  W. Hall,et al.  Cough and Angioneurotic Edema Associated with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Therapy , 1992, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[36]  H. Drexler,et al.  Comparative Effect of ACE Inhibition and Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Antagonism on Bioavailability of Nitric Oxide in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Role of Superoxide Dismutase , 2001, Circulation.

[37]  B. Pitt Potential role of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in treatment of atherosclerosis. , 1995, European heart journal.

[38]  S. Yusuf,et al.  Effects of Ramipril and Vitamin E on Atherosclerosis: The Study to Evaluate Carotid Ultrasound Changes in Patients Treated With Ramipril and Vitamin E (SECURE) , 2001, Circulation.

[39]  W. Linz,et al.  Interactions among ACE, kinins and NO. , 1999, Cardiovascular research.

[40]  D. Lotshaw Role of membrane depolarization and T-type Ca2+ channels in angiotensin II and K+ stimulated aldosterone secretion , 2001, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology.

[41]  W. Keane,et al.  Renal protective effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. , 1990, The American journal of cardiology.

[42]  A. Struthers,et al.  Neurohormonal reactivation in heart failure patients on chronic ACE inhibitor therapy: a longitudinal study , 1999, European journal of heart failure.

[43]  J. Kostis Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Emerging differences and new compounds. , 1989, American journal of hypertension.

[44]  G. Mancia,et al.  Investigation of reflexes from volume and baroreceptors during converting-enzyme inhibition in humans. , 1989, American heart journal.

[45]  R. Collins,et al.  Effects of long-term treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors in the presence or absence of aspirin: a systematic review , 2002, The Lancet.

[46]  K. Swedberg Importance of neuroendocrine activation in chronic heart failure. Impact on treatment strategies , 2000, European journal of heart failure.

[47]  K. Swedberg,et al.  What is the ideal study design for evaluation of treatment for heart failure? Insights from trials assessing the effect of ACE inhibitors on exercise capacity. , 1996, European heart journal.

[48]  D. Blondheim,et al.  Expert consensus document on management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy. , 2003, European heart journal.

[49]  H. Dargie,et al.  A multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of quinapril in mild, chronic heart failure. , 1993, European heart journal.

[50]  H. Drexler,et al.  Effect of ACE inhibition on endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic heart failure. , 1998, European heart journal.

[51]  R. Schmieder,et al.  Reversal of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Essential Hypertension: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Double-blind Studies , 1996 .

[52]  B. Stricker,et al.  Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor associated cough: a population-based case-control study. , 1995, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[53]  R. Dinsmore,et al.  Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition as antiatherosclerotic therapy: no answer yet. QUIET Investigators. QUinapril Ischemic Event Trial. , 1999, The American journal of cardiology.

[54]  E. J. Brown,et al.  Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial. The SAVE Investigators. , 1992, The New England journal of medicine.

[55]  J. Cleland ACE Inhibitors for ‘Diastolic’ Heart Failure? Reasons not to jump to premature conclusions about the efficacy of ACE inhibitors among older patients with heart failure , 2001, European journal of heart failure.

[56]  S. Yusuf,et al.  Effect of enalapril on 12-year survival and life expectancy in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction: a follow-up study , 2003, The Lancet.

[57]  S. Yusuf,et al.  Emerging role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in cardiac and vascular protection. , 1994, Circulation.

[58]  K. Swedberg,et al.  Effects of the early administration of enalapril on mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Results of the Cooperative New Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study II (CONSENSUS II) , 1992, The New England journal of medicine.

[59]  B. Magnani,et al.  The effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor zofenopril on mortality and morbidity after anterior myocardial infarction. The Survival of Myocardial Infarction Long-Term Evaluation (SMILE) Study Investigators. , 1995, The New England journal of medicine.

[60]  F. Tristani,et al.  A comparison of enalapril with hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure. , 1991, The New England journal of medicine.

[61]  R. Califf,et al.  Comparison of Omapatrilat and Enalapril in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: The Omapatrilat Versus Enalapril Randomized Trial of Utility in Reducing Events (OVERTURE) , 2002, Circulation.

[62]  B. Pitt Effectiveness of spironolactone added to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a loop diuretic for severe chronic congestive heart failure (the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study [RALES]). , 1996, The American journal of cardiology.

[63]  Salim Yusuf,et al.  Blood-pressure reduction and cardiovascular risk in HOPE study , 2001, The Lancet.

[64]  Salim Yusuf,et al.  Long-term ACE-inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure or left-ventricular dysfunction: a systematic overview of data from individual patients , 2000, The Lancet.

[65]  J. Bosch,et al.  Use of ramipril in preventing stroke: double blind randomised trial , 2002, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[66]  J. Robertson,et al.  Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in the Treatment of Hypertension , 1987, Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology.

[67]  Giuseppe Remuzzi,et al.  Renoprotective properties of ACE-inhibition in non-diabetic nephropathies with non-nephrotic proteinuria , 1999, The Lancet.

[68]  Paul G Shekelle,et al.  Efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers in the management of left ventricular systolic dysfunction according to race, gender, and diabetic status: a meta-analysis of major clinical trials. , 2003, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[69]  HelmutDrexler,et al.  Role of Bradykinin in Mediating Vascular Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in Humans , 1997 .

[70]  P A Poole-Wilson,et al.  Comparative effects of low and high doses of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure. ATLAS Study Group. , 1999, Circulation.

[71]  R. Wood Bronchospasm and cough as adverse reactions to the ACE inhibitors captopril, enalapril and lisinopril. A controlled retrospective cohort study. , 1995, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[72]  Salim Yusuf,et al.  Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. , 1991, The New England journal of medicine.

[73]  F. Triposkiadis,et al.  Effects of cardiac versus circulatory angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on left ventricular diastolic function and coronary blood flow in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. , 1998, Circulation.

[74]  R. Becker [ACE inhibition and atherosclerosis in the animal model]. , 1994, Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie.

[75]  L. Niskanen,et al.  Effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition compared with conventional therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Captopril Prevention Project (CAPPP) randomised trial , 1999, The Lancet.

[76]  R. Devereux,et al.  Effects of Once-Daily Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition and Calcium Channel Blockade-Based Antihypertensive Treatment Regimens on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Diastolic Filling in Hypertension: The Prospective Randomized Enalapril Study Evaluating Regression of Ventricular Enlargement (PR , 2001, Circulation.

[77]  J. Chanard,et al.  Long-term follow-up of acute renal failure caused by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. , 1998, American journal of hypertension.

[78]  W A Ray,et al.  Black Americans have an increased rate of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor‐associated angioedema , 1996, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[79]  S. Yusuf From the HOPE to the ONTARGET and the TRANSCEND studies: challenges in improving prognosis. , 2002, The American journal of cardiology.

[80]  K. Woo,et al.  Reproducibility of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor induced cough: a double-blind randomised study. , 1995, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[81]  L. Køber,et al.  Effect of ACE inhibitor trandolapril on life expectancy of patients with reduced left-ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction. TRACE Study Group. Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation. , 1999, Lancet.

[82]  B. Zimmerman,et al.  Interaction between sympathetic and renin-angiotensin system. , 1984, Journal of hypertension.

[83]  R. Schrier,et al.  The effect of nisoldipine as compared with enalapril on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes and hypertension. , 1998, The New England journal of medicine.

[84]  C. Tracy,et al.  American College of Cardiology/European Society of Cardiology Clinical Expert Consensus Document on Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice G , 2003, European heart journal.

[85]  D. Vaughan The renin-angiotensin system and fibrinolysis , 1997 .

[86]  Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel,et al.  Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: results of the HOPE study and MICRO-HOPE substudy , 2000, The Lancet.

[87]  A. Sedman,et al.  Invited Review Recognition and management of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor fetopathy , 1995, Pediatric Nephrology.

[88]  Daniel W. Jones,et al.  Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. , 2003, Hypertension.

[89]  R. Brent,et al.  Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, an embryopathic class of drugs with unique properties: information for clinical teratology counselors. , 1991, Teratology.

[90]  K. Swedberg,et al.  Hormones regulating cardiovascular function in patients with severe congestive heart failure and their relation to mortality. CONSENSUS Trial Study Group. , 1990, Circulation.

[91]  Karl Swedberg,et al.  Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both. , 2003, The New England journal of medicine.

[92]  K. Schulte,et al.  Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors in Renal Failure , 1993, Clinical pharmacokinetics.

[93]  L. Køber,et al.  Effect of ACE inhibitor trandolapril on life expectancy of patients with reduced left-ventricular function after acute m yocardial infarction , 1999, The Lancet.

[94]  A. Smit,et al.  Two-year follow-up study to evaluate the reduction of left ventricular mass and diastolic function in mild to moderate diastolic hypertensive patients. , 1998, Journal of hypertension. Supplement : official journal of the International Society of Hypertension.

[95]  Karl Swedberg,et al.  Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: the CHARM-Preserved Trial , 2003, The Lancet.

[96]  D. Ganten,et al.  The Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Hypertrophy: The Role of the Renin‐Angiotensin System , 1992, Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology.