On Contractions of Lie Algebras

It is well-known that application of invariant functions in various fields of pure or applied mathematics, physics and computer calculations is certainly of interest. In this paper, we study application of the invariant functions of Lie algebras, named $$\psi $$ψ and $$\varphi $$φ function, respectively, to contractions of some lower-dimensional Lie algebras, with the goal of contributing to progress in any of these fields, particularly in physics and engineering.