Bit error rate performance analysis in amplify-and-forward relay networks

AbstractTwo methods are proposed in this paper to estimate asymptotic and exact bit error rate (BER) in two-hop amplify-and-forward (AF) relay networks . Rayleigh-fading channels are considered and selection strategy is used to select the highest end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio relay among all relays. The first presented method unifies the BER analysis performance for both one and two hop networks in one scheme and this refers to as the unified BER (U-BER) . The second method, namely the optimal BER (O-BER), is developed to measure BER for an AF relay network that is optimized with respect to its energy and spectral efficiency. Expressions for asymptotic BER performance for (U-BER) and (O-BER) are derived. An expression for the exact BER for (U-BER) is also obtained. The proposed methods provide useful and efficient tools for analyzing the BER performance in AF relay networks . Analytical and simulated results are compared to validate the BER calculation.

[1]  Marvin K. Simon,et al.  Probability Distributions Involving Gaussian Random Variables: A Handbook for Engineers, Scientists and Mathematicians , 2006 .

[2]  Liuqing Yang,et al.  Optimum Resource Allocation for Amplify-and-Forward Relay Networks With Differential Modulation , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[3]  Vijay K. Bhargava,et al.  Cooperative Cellular Wireless Networks: Radio resource optimization in cooperative cellular wireless networks , 2011 .

[4]  Mazen O. Hasna,et al.  End-to-end performance of transmission systems with relays over Rayleigh-fading channels , 2003, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[5]  Mohamed-Slim Alouini,et al.  BER and Optimal Power Allocation for Amplify-and-Forward Relaying Using Pilot-Aided Maximum Likelihood Estimation , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[6]  Andrea Goldsmith,et al.  Wireless Communications , 2005, 2021 15th International Conference on Advanced Technologies, Systems and Services in Telecommunications (TELSIKS).

[7]  Georgios B. Giannakis,et al.  A simple and general parameterization quantifying performance in fading channels , 2003, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[8]  M. Simon.  Probability distributions involving Gaussian random variables : a handbook for engineers and scientists , 2002 .

[9]  D. G. Brennan,et al.  Linear diversity combining techniques , 2003 .

[10]  Aria Nosratinia,et al.  Cooperative communication in wireless networks , 2004, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[11]  Salama Ikki,et al.  On the Performance of Cooperative-Diversity Networks with the Nth Best-Relay Selection Scheme , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[12]  Geoffrey Ye Li,et al.  Energy-efficient link adaptation in frequency-selective channels , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[13]  Mazen O. Hasna,et al.  A performance study of dual-hop transmissions with fixed gain relays , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[14]  Anas M. Salhab,et al.  A low-complexity relay selection scheme based on switch-and-examine diversity combining for AF relay systems , 2013, IET Commun..

[15]  Gordon L. Stüber,et al.  Statistical properties of amplify and forward relay fading channels , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[16]  J. J. Komo.  3 – Functions of Random Variables , 1987 .

[17]  Muhammad Ali Imran,et al.  Energy Consumption Analysis and Optimization of BER-Constrained Amplify-and-Forward Relay Networks , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[18]  John G. Proakis,et al.  Digital Communications , 1983 .

[19]  Chenyang Yang,et al.  Energy Efficient OFDM Relay Systems , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[20]  Gregory W. Wornell,et al.  An efficient protocol for realizing cooperative diversity in wireless networks , 2001, Proceedings. 2001 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37252).

[21]  Yonghui Li,et al.  Wireless Relay Channel , 2010 .

[22]  Shahram Shahbazpanahi,et al.  Performance Tradeoffs in Amplify-and-Forward Bidirectional Network Beamforming , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[23]  Sheldon M. Ross,et al.  Chapter 2 – Elements of Probability , 2013 .

[24]  Cong Xiong,et al.  Energy- and Spectral-Efficiency Tradeoff in Downlink OFDMA Networks , 2011, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[25]  Lingyang Song,et al.  Performance Analysis of Hybrid Relay Selection in Cooperative Wireless Systems , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[26]  Geoffrey Ye Li,et al.  Fundamental trade-offs on green wireless networks , 2011, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[27]  Gregory W. Wornell,et al.  Cooperative diversity in wireless networks: Efficient protocols and outage behavior , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[28]  Hans-Michael Kaltenbach.  Basics of Probability Theory , 2012 .

[29]  Hyung Yun Kong,et al.  Multi-relay cooperative diversity protocol with improved spectral efficiency , 2011, Journal of Communications and Networks.

[30]  George K. Karagiannidis,et al.  Performance bounds of multihop wireless communications with blind relays over generalized fading channels , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[31]  Mostafa Kaveh,et al.  Exact symbol error probability of a Cooperative network in a Rayleigh-fading environment , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[32]  Aydin Behnad,et al.  Accuracy of Harmonic Mean Approximation in Performance Analysis of Multihop Amplify-and-Forward Relaying , 2014, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters.

[33]  K. J. Ray Liu,et al.  Cooperative Communications and Networking: Cooperative communications with single relay , 2008 .

[34]  Siavash M. Alamouti,et al.  A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications , 1998, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[35]  Elsheikh Mohamed Ahmed Elsheikh,et al.  User cooperative communications , 2010 .

[36]  Alejandro Ribeiro,et al.  Symbol error probabilities for general Cooperative links , 2005, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[37]  David Haccoun,et al.  Capacity of Amplify-and-Forward Selective Relaying With Adaptive Transmission Under Outdated Channel Information , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[38]  J. Salo,et al.  The distribution of the product of independent Rayleigh random variables , 2006 .

[39]  Yong Li,et al.  Energy-efficient power allocation for two-hop relay networks , 2014 .

[40]  Scott R. Bullock.  Basic Probability and Pulse Theory , 2009 .

[41]  Yonghui Li,et al.  Transparent Relaying Techniques , 2010 .

[42]  Liuqing Yang,et al.  Relay selection from a battery energy efficiency perspective , 2009, MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE Military Communications Conference.

[43]  Norman C. Beaulieu,et al.  On the performance of amplify-and-forward cooperative systems with fixed gain relays , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[44]  Andrea J. Goldsmith,et al.  Energy-constrained modulation optimization , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[45]  Jiannong Cao,et al.  Optimal Resource Allocation for Reliable and Energy Efficient Cooperative Communications , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[46]  Ramjee Prasad,et al.  New Horizons in Mobile and Wireless Communications, Volume 4: Ad Hoc Networks and PANs , 2009 .

[47]  Earl McCune.  Practical Digital Wireless Signals: Common issues and signal characterization , 2010 .

[48]  Lingyang Song,et al.  Selective combining for hybrid cooperative networks , 2014, IET Commun..

[49]  Alister G. Burr,et al.  Bringing mobile relays for wireless access networks into practice - learning when to relay , 2012, IET Commun..

[50]  Norman C. Beaulieu,et al.  Exact Analysis of Dual-Hop AF Maximum End-to-End SNR Relay Selection , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Communications.