The burden of early life stress in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of early life stress (ELS) in a population with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and to estimate its burden on mental, physical, and digestive health. Ninety-three participants with IBD were asked to anonymously complete questionnaires (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, Early Life Event Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Ways of Coping Checklist, Gastro-Intestinal Quality of Life Index questionnaire, and ad hoc questions about symptoms). The prevalence of patients with IBD who were exposed to at least one childhood abuse was 53%. Mental health and quality of life were significantly poorer in patients with IBD who were exposed to early abuse than in those who were not. Patients exposed to ELS had also more digestive perturbations and fatigue. These results suggest that early abuse should be considered a component of IBD care.

[1]  S. Larsson,et al.  Sleep duration and daytime napping in relation to incident inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective cohort study , 2022, Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics.

[2]  I. Troprès,et al.  Apports de l’hypnose dans la prise en charge de la maladie de Crohn : intérêts et résultats préliminaires de l’étude HypnoCrohn , 2022, Hegel.

[3]  A. Ananthakrishnan,et al.  Depression and anxiety in inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, mechanisms and treatment , 2022, Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology.

[4]  A. Gerdner,et al.  The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire—Short Form (CTQ-SF) used with adolescents – methodological report from clinical and community samples , 2022, Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma.

[5]  A. Ford,et al.  Relative Contribution of Disease Activity and Psychological Health to Prognosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease During 6.5 years of Longitudinal Follow-up. , 2022, Gastroenterology.

[6]  Shurong Hu,et al.  Depression and Anxiety Disorders in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease , 2021, Frontiers in Psychiatry.

[7]  A. Popma,et al.  Alterations of autonomic nervous system and HPA axis basal activity and reactivity to acute stress: a comparison of traumatized adolescents and healthy controls , 2021, Stress.

[8]  E. Volchan,et al.  The invisible scars of emotional abuse: a common and highly harmful form of childhood maltreatment , 2021, BMC Psychiatry.

[9]  G. MacQueen,et al.  Childhood trauma, depression, resilience and suicide risk in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease , 2021, Journal of health psychology.

[10]  P. Tavel,et al.  Life Stressors in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Comparison with a Population-Based Healthy Control Group in the Czech Republic , 2021, International journal of environmental research and public health.

[11]  H. Critchley,et al.  Diseases, Disorders, and Comorbidities of Interoception , 2021, Trends in Neurosciences.

[12]  S. Pollak,et al.  Early life stress and development: potential mechanisms for adverse outcomes , 2020, Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

[13]  T. Robbins,et al.  Early-life stress and inflammation: A systematic review of a key experimental approach in rodents , 2020, Brain and neuroscience advances.

[14]  C. J. van der Woude,et al.  The Effect of Psychotherapy on Quality of Life in IBD Patients: A Systematic Review , 2020, Inflammatory bowel diseases.

[15]  M. Dubinsky,et al.  High Levels of Psychological Resilience Associated With Less Disease Activity, Better Quality of Life, and Fewer Surgeries in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. , 2020, Inflammatory bowel diseases.

[16]  B. Bonaz,et al.  Interoceptive Abilities in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Irritable Bowel Syndrome , 2020, Frontiers in Psychiatry.

[17]  A. Kaser,et al.  Crohn’s disease , 2020, Nature Reviews Disease Primers.

[18]  R. Mahfouz,et al.  Inflammatory bowel disease: between genetics and microbiota , 2020, Molecular Biology Reports.

[19]  D. Drossman,et al.  Antidepressants in inflammatory bowel disease , 2020, Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology.

[20]  J. Langhorst,et al.  Stress and the brain-gut axis in functional and chronic-inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases: A transdisciplinary challenge , 2019, Psychoneuroendocrinology.

[21]  Bangmao Wang,et al.  Stress Triggers Flare of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children and Adults , 2019, Front. Pediatr..

[22]  B. Perry,et al.  Timing of Early-Life Stress and the Development of Brain-Related Capacities , 2019, Front. Behav. Neurosci..

[23]  Hong-yan Qin,et al.  From psychology to physicality: how nerve growth factor transduces early life stress into gastrointestinal motility disorders later in life , 2019, Cell cycle.

[24]  L. Lix,et al.  The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Health Care Use in the Manitoba IBD Cohort Study. , 2019, Inflammatory bowel diseases.

[25]  G. Chrousos,et al.  Developmental Trajectories of Early Life Stress and Trauma: A Narrative Review on Neurobiological Aspects Beyond Stress System Dysregulation , 2019, Front. Psychiatry.

[26]  C. Burchill,et al.  Events Within the First Year of Life, but Not the Neonatal Period, Affect Risk for Later Development of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , 2019, Gastroenterology.

[27]  Lucy S. King,et al.  Evidence for a sensitive period in the effects of early life stress on hippocampal volume. , 2018, Developmental science.

[28]  C. Schmahl,et al.  Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Consequences on Neurobiological, Psychosocial, and Somatic Conditions Across the Lifespan , 2018, Front. Psychiatry.

[29]  J. Stoker,et al.  ECCO-ESGAR Guideline for Diagnostic Assessment in IBD Part 2: IBD scores and general principles and technical aspects. , 2018, Journal of Crohn's & colitis.

[30]  J. Stoker,et al.  ECCO-ESGAR Guideline for Diagnostic Assessment in IBD Part 1: Initial diagnosis, monitoring of known IBD, detection of complications. , 2018, Journal of Crohn's & colitis.

[31]  T. Taft,et al.  Psychological Considerations and Interventions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patient Care. , 2017, Gastroenterology clinics of North America.

[32]  F. Rizzello,et al.  Prevalence and effectiveness of psychiatric treatments for patients with IBD: A systematic literature review. , 2017, Journal of psychosomatic research.

[33]  A. Harkin,et al.  Gut–brain actions underlying comorbid anxiety and depression associated with inflammatory bowel disease , 2017, Acta Neuropsychiatrica.

[34]  Kyoko Ohashi,et al.  The effects of childhood maltreatment on brain structure, function and connectivity , 2016, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[35]  Martin H. Teicher,et al.  Type and timing of adverse childhood experiences differentially affect severity of PTSD, dissociative and depressive symptoms in adult inpatients , 2016, BMC Psychiatry.

[36]  W. Shih,et al.  Adverse childhood experiences are associated with irritable bowel syndrome and gastrointestinal symptom severity , 2016, Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society.

[37]  R. von Känel,et al.  Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Are Independently Associated With Clinical Recurrence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. , 2016, Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association.

[38]  Martin H. Teicher,et al.  Mood dysregulation and affective instability in emerging adults with childhood maltreatment: An ecological momentary assessment study. , 2015, Journal of psychiatric research.

[39]  C. Pariante,et al.  Childhood trauma and adulthood inflammation: a meta-analysis of peripheral C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α , 2016 .

[40]  A. Ananthakrishnan Environmental Risk Factors for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Review , 2015, Digestive Diseases and Sciences.

[41]  Z. Bian,et al.  TOPIC HIGHLIGHT , 2014 .

[42]  B. Bonaz,et al.  Relationship between Vagal Tone, Cortisol, TNF-Alpha, Epinephrine and Negative Affects in Crohn’s Disease and Irritable Bowel Syndrome , 2014, PloS one.

[43]  L. Lix,et al.  Changes in fatigue over 2 years are associated with activity of inflammatory bowel disease and psychological factors. , 2013, Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association.

[44]  J. Tabibian,et al.  Health-related quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease: psychosocial, clinical, socioeconomic, and demographic predictors. , 2013, Journal of Crohn's & colitis.

[45]  W. Czuber-Dochan,et al.  Review article: description and management of fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease , 2013, Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics.

[46]  A. Ford,et al.  Prevalence of Symptoms Meeting Criteria for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis , 2012, The American Journal of Gastroenterology.

[47]  W. Shih,et al.  Association between early adverse life events and irritable bowel syndrome. , 2012, Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association.

[48]  L. Lix,et al.  A population‐based study of fatigue and sleep difficulties in inflammatory bowel disease , 2011, Inflammatory bowel diseases.

[49]  C. Lees,et al.  Guidelines for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults , 2011, Gut.

[50]  C. Nemeroff,et al.  Neurobiological and psychiatric consequences of child abuse and neglect. , 2010, Developmental psychobiology.

[51]  B. Bonaz,et al.  Psychological adjustment and autonomic disturbances in inflammatory bowel diseases and irritable bowel syndrome , 2010, Psychoneuroendocrinology.

[52]  G E Wild,et al.  Predicting relapse in Crohn’s disease: a biopsychosocial model , 2008, Gut.

[53]  G. Crombez,et al.  Well-being in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: the role of acceptance. , 2006, Journal of psychosomatic research.

[54]  B. Thombs,et al.  An evaluation of screening questions for childhood abuse in 2 community samples: implications for clinical practice. , 2006, Archives of internal medicine.

[55]  P. Gilbert,et al.  Recall of threat and submissiveness in childhood: development of a new scale and its relationship with depression, social comparison and shame , 2003 .

[56]  D. Drossman Gastrointestinal illness and the biopsychosocial model. , 1996, Journal of clinical gastroenterology.

[57]  C. Kaplan,et al.  Childhood Emotional Abuse , 1996, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[58]  J. Williams,et al.  Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index: Development, validation and application of a new instrument , 1995, The British journal of surgery.

[59]  T. Kamarck,et al.  A global measure of perceived stress. , 1983, Journal of health and social behavior.

[60]  R. Snaith,et al.  The Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale , 2003, Health and quality of life outcomes.

[61]  C. Hewitt,et al.  Quality of Life in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses-Part I. , 2018, Inflammatory bowel diseases.

[62]  A. Danese,et al.  Psychoneuroimmunology of Early-Life Stress: The Hidden Wounds of Childhood Trauma? , 2017, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[63]  B. Bonaz,et al.  Brain-gut interactions in inflammatory bowel disease. , 2013, Gastroenterology.

[64]  Y. Benjamini,et al.  Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing , 1995 .