An axiomatization of the Gini coefficient

Abstract This paper deals with the axiomatization of the Gini coefficient in the general case, i.e. it characterizes its cardinal properties in ranking income distributions whose aggregate incomes and populations are not necessarily the same. An axiomatization of an index asymptotically equal to the Gini coefficient is also given. The asymptotic equivalence of the two axiomatic systems is used to highlight some properties of the Gini coefficient.