Enhancing the EEG classification in RSVP task by combining interval model of ERPs with spatial and temporal regions of interest

OBJECTIVE Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems directly translate human intentions to instructions for machines by decoding the neural signals. The rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) task is a typical paradigm of BCIs, in which subjects can detect the targets in the high-speed serial images. There are still two main challenges in electroencephalography (EEG) classification for RSVP tasks: inter-trial variability of ERPs and limited trial number of EEG training data. APPROACH This study proposed an algorithm of discriminant analysis and classification for interval ERPs (DACIE) in RSVP tasks. Firstly, an interval model of ERPs was exploited to solve the inter-trial variability problem. Secondly, a spatial structured sparsity regularization was utilized to reinforce the important channels, which provided a spatial region of interest (sROI). Meanwhile, a temporal auto-weighting technique was conducted to emphasize the important discriminant components, which obtained a temporal regions of interest (tROIs). Thirdly, classification features were obtained by the discriminant eigenvalue analysis to avoid the ill-conditioned estimation of covariance matrix caused by fewer training trials. MAIN RESULTS EEG datasets of 12 subjects in RSVP tasks were analyzed to evaluate the classification performance of proposed algorithm. The results showed that the proposed algorithm was significantly superior to several state-of-the-art algorithms. SIGNIFICANCE The interval model of ERPs was exploited in a spatial linear discriminant framework to overcome the inter-trial variability. The spatial and temporal ROIs were explored to reinforce the pivotal channels and temporal components. And the proposed algorithm can provide good performance with fewer training trials.