Translinear Circuits in Low-Voltage Operational Amplifiers

Operational amplifiers are limited in their dynamic voltage range and bandwidth by the supply voltage and power. To obtain the maximum dynamic range, power-efficient rail-torail class-AB output stages and voltage-efficient rail-to-rail input stages are needed. In order to implement the desired class-AB behavior in rail-to-rail output stages and the desired constant transconductance in rail-to-rail input stages, translinear circuits are used extensively.

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