Single DDCC-Based Voltage-Mode Multifunction Filter

Despite the extensive literature on current conveyor-based voltage-mode universal biquads with single input and multiple outputs, no filter circuits have been reported to date which simultaneously achieve all of the advantageous features: (i) employment of only one differential difference current conveyor (DDCC), (ii) employment of only two grounded capacitors, (iii) employment of only three resistors, (iv) simultaneous realization of voltage-mode low-pass, band-pass, and high-pass filter signals from the three output terminals, respectively, (v) no need to employ inverting type input signals, and (vi) no need to impose component choice.