Radio echo-sounding through supraglacial debris on Lirung and Khumbu Glaciers, Nepal Himalayas

We have used ground-based radio echo-sounding (RES) to measure the ice thickness of debris-covered Lirung and Khumbu glaciers in the Nepal Himalayas in pre-monsoon season, 1999. Successful ice thickness measurements of ice up to 450 m on Khumbu and 160 m on Lirung Glacier were made using a portable lightweight (<5 kg) RES system at elevations up to 5400 m a.s.l., through supraglacial debris up to 3 m thick. These measurements provide valuable data for glacier climate response modelling and demonstrate the suitability of RES for making ice thickness measurements on a wide variety of debris-covered glaciers.