A C/sup ++/ based environment for analog circuit simulation

An analog simulation environment based on the C/sup ++/ language is described. Not only is the system written in C/sup ++/, but also C/sup ++/ is used as the circuit description language. This arrangement provides an unusual level of convenience and efficiency for manipulating simulation results. Automatic differentiation techniques, using the operator overloading facility of C/sup ++/, lead to compact modeling subroutines and allow sensitivity computations to be integrated smoothly into other analyses. The architecture of the simulator and efficiency considerations are discussed.<<ETX>>