Estimating daily maximum air temperature with MODIS data and a daytime temperature variation model in Beijing urban area

ABSTRACT An algorithm to estimate daily maximum Ta (Tamax) is presented in this study based on moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) products and a daytime Ta variation model. The algorithm first estimates daytime Ta at the times of Terra and Aqua satellites overpass. Subsequently, the Tamax is inferred from the daytime Ta estimations using the daytime Ta variation model. This algorithm was applied to the area within the sixth ring road of Beijing from 2009 to 2010. A comprehensive validation experiment including a leave-one-out cross validation, a temporal validation, an overall comparison and a sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the new algorithm. Results indicate that the spatial distribution of Tamax can be accurately generated using the algorithm with a root mean square error (RMSE) varying from 1.62 to 2.33 K and a coefficient of determination varying from 0.95 to 0.98. Sensitivity analysis shows that the algorithm is more sensitive to Ts at daytime of Aqua MODIS overpass (TsAqua_day) than to Ts at other times. A 2 K increase in TsAqua_day would result in a 1.9 K increase in Tamax estimates.

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