Japanese human resource management from the viewpoint of incentive theory

This essay concerns the management of human resources in the stylized large Japanese firm. The emphasis is on issues of internal incentives, how the Japanese firm provides its employees with incentives to behave in harmony with goals of the firm. By drawing freely the insights from the growing literature on the economics of organizations (incentive theory), I attempt to explain economic rationale of some of the distinct features of Japanese management practices concerning pay and promotion systems. JEL Classification Numbers: J41 JAPANESE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF INCENTIVE THEORY

[1]  R. Hutchens A Test of Lazear's Theory of Delayed Payment Contracts , 1987, Journal of Labor Economics.

[2]  James E. Rosenbaum,et al.  Tournament Mobility: Career Patterns in a Corporation. , 1979 .

[3]  R. Dore Japan's reluctant multinationals: Japanese management at home and abroad , 1984 .

[4]  Paul Milgrom,et al.  An Economic Approach to Influence Activities in Organizations , 1988, American Journal of Sociology.

[5]  Arne L. Kalleberg,et al.  Culture, Control and Commitment: A Study of Work Organization and Work Attitudes in the United States and Japan. , 1990 .

[6]  Toshiaki Tachibanaki,et al.  Education, Occupation, Hierarchy and Earnings. , 1988 .

[7]  Michael Waldman,et al.  Job Assignments, Signalling, and Efficiency , 1984 .

[8]  Kazuo Koike,et al.  Understanding industrial relations in modern Japan , 1988 .

[9]  E. Lazear Pay Equality and Industrial Politics , 1989, Journal of Political Economy.

[10]  V. Pucik Promotion Patterns in a Japanese Trading Company , 1990 .

[11]  Kevin J. Murphy,et al.  Optimal Incentive Contracts in the Presence of Career Concerns: Theory and Evidence , 1991, Journal of Political Economy.

[12]  Yoshio Higuchi,et al.  Wage structures and labor turnover in the United States and Japan , 1988 .

[13]  J. Tirole Hierarchies and Bureaucracies: On the Role of Collusion in Organizations , 1986 .

[14]  T. Tachibanaki,et al.  Wage Determination in Japan A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation , 1990 .

[15]  Masanori Hashimoto,et al.  Firm-Specific Human Capital as a Shared Investment , 2001 .

[16]  Andrew M Weiss Incentives and Worker Behavior: Some Evidence , 1987 .

[17]  D. Bernhardt Skill Profiles, Observability and Firm Hierarchies: A Theory of Promotion and Compensation , 1989 .

[18]  M. Okuno-Fujiwara Monitoring cost, agency relationships, and equilibrium modes of labor contracts , 1987 .

[19]  Hideshi Itoh Incentives to Help in Multi-agent Situations , 1991 .

[20]  James M. Malcomson,et al.  Work Incentives, Hierarchy, and Internal Labor Markets , 1984, Journal of Political Economy.

[21]  D. H Whittaker Managing Innovation: A Study of British and Japanese Factories , 1990 .

[22]  J. Lincoln,et al.  Japanese Industrial Organization in Comparative Perspective , 1987 .

[23]  J. Stiglitz Incentives, Risk, and Information: Notes Towards a Theory of Hierarchy , 1975 .

[24]  G. Becker,et al.  Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference to Education, Third Edition , 1993 .

[25]  T. Tachibanaki The determination of the promotion process in organizations and of earnings differentials , 1987 .

[26]  J. Benjamin Forbes,et al.  Early Intraorganizational Mobility: Patterns and Influences , 1987 .

[27]  Hideshi Itoh,et al.  Cooperation in Hierarchical Organizations: An Incentive Perspective , 1992, The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization.

[28]  Robert L. Moore,et al.  Incentives, Productivity, and Labor Contracts , 1984 .

[29]  M. Aoki Horizontal vs. Vertical Information Structure of the Firm , 2013 .

[30]  小池 和男,et al.  Understanding industrial relations in modern Japan , 1990 .

[31]  M. Hashimoto,et al.  Investments in employer-employee attachments by Japanese and U.S. workers in firms of varying size , 1989 .

[32]  M. Aoki Information, Incentives and Bargaining in the Japanese Economy: A Microtheory of the Japanese Economy , 1988 .

[33]  E. Lazear Why Is There Mandatory Retirement? , 1979, Journal of Political Economy.

[34]  Hideshi Itoh,et al.  Information structures, task structures, and coordination systems , 1988 .

[35]  Hideshi Itoh,et al.  Information processing capacities of the firm , 1987 .

[36]  Kevin J. Murphy Incentives, learning, and compensation: a theoretical and empirical investigation of managerial labor contracts , 1986 .

[37]  Masanori Hashimoto,et al.  Employment Tenure and Earnings Profiles in Japan and the United States: Reply , 1992 .

[38]  Edward P. Lazear,et al.  Agency, Earnings Profiles, Productivity, and Hours Restrictions , 1981 .

[39]  M. Weitzman,et al.  Bonuses and Employment in Japan , 1986 .

[40]  M. Hanada The Principle of Competition in Japan's Personnel System , 1988 .

[41]  E. Lazear,et al.  Rank-Order Tournaments as Optimum Labor Contracts , 1979, Journal of Political Economy.

[42]  C. Shapiro,et al.  Equilibrium Unemployment as a Worker Discipline Device , 1984 .

[43]  James R. Lincoln,et al.  Organizational Structures in Japanese and U.S. Manufacturing , 1986 .

[44]  N. Kobyashi,et al.  Japan's Managerial System: Tradition and Innovation , 1969 .

[45]  M. Hashimoto Bonus Payments, on-the-Job Training, and Lifetime Employment in Japan , 1979, Journal of Political Economy.

[46]  Oliver E. Williamson,et al.  Understanding the employment relation: the analysis of idiosyncratic exchange , 1975 .

[47]  Michael Waldman A Signalling Explanation for Seniority Based Promotions and Other Labor Market Puzzles , 1990 .

[48]  Ikujiro Nonaka,et al.  Strategic vs. Evolutionary Management: A U.S.-Japan Comparison of Strategy and Organization. , 1987 .

[49]  Kevin J. Murphy,et al.  Compensation and Incentives: Practice vs. Theory , 1988 .

[50]  J. Lincoln,et al.  The Structure of Earnings Inequality in the United States and Japan , 1988, American Journal of Sociology.

[51]  Lorne Carmichael,et al.  Firm-Specific Human Capital and Promotion Ladders , 1983 .

[52]  Bengt Holmstrom,et al.  Moral Hazard in Teams , 1982 .

[53]  P. Goldman,et al.  Contested Terrain: The Transformation of the Workplace in the Twentieth Century , 1980 .

[54]  Paul R. Milgrom,et al.  Employment Contracts, Influence Activities, and Efficient Organization Design , 1987, Journal of Political Economy.

[55]  I. Ōhashi On the determinants of bonuses and basic wages in large Japanese firms , 1989 .

[56]  門田 安弘,et al.  Toyota production system : practical approach to production management , 1983 .

[57]  Alan B. Krueger,et al.  Ownership, Agency, and Wages: An Examination of Franchising in the Fast Food Industry , 1991 .

[58]  Jean-Jacques Laffont,et al.  Analysis of Hidden Gaming in a Three-Level Hierarchy , 1990 .

[59]  James M. Malcomson,et al.  Reputation and Hierarchy in Dynamic Models of Employment , 1988, Journal of Political Economy.

[60]  Bengt Holmstrom,et al.  A Theory of Wage Dynamics , 1982 .

[61]  Bengt Holmstrom,et al.  The Theory of Contracts , 1986 .

[62]  Anjan V. Thakor,et al.  Cooperation versus Competition in Agency , 1991 .