Critical Theory and Participatory Design

Critical Theory (via critical design) could enable designers and users to devise products and systems with radically different roles and functions. A challenge for participatory design is how designers’ and users’ understanding of the ‘space of possibilities’ may limit what is designed. In suggesting provocative alternatives, the conceptual designs produced by critical design may allow designers and users to explore a broader ‘space of possibilities’ and develop innovative products and systems. In my research [3], I have developed a methodology based on these principles. This use of (critical) artefacts to both express and transform understanding has parallels with the use of critiques in Critical Theory. However criticisms of Critical Theory, notably elitism, are also applicable to critical design and are counter to the democratic values of participatory design. I will discuss these issues below with reference to my use of ‘critical artefacts’ in participatory design activities to foster human-centred innovation.