Fuel Cell Power System Conceptual Design for Unmanned Underwater Vehicles

Improving the subsea endurance and the power system efficiency of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) has become more important in recent years as their demand grows for different applications. Integrated electric power systems are commonly applied in UUVs with different types of batteries as power sources. Utilizing fuel cells hybridized with batteries is one of the most efficient ways to increase the UUV’s range and overall system efficiency. In this paper, a conceptual design is presented for a fuel cell/battery hybrid UUV. This design process includes a review of the UUV fuel cell stacks, the commercial fuel cell UUVs, the fuel and oxidant storage technologies, and the electrical energy storage subsystems. Also, analytical investigations were presented on the degree of hybridization (DOH) between fuel cells and batteries. The fuel cell/battery hybrid system design for a UUV and the technologies of its main components are proposed as the final step of the conceptual design process.

[1]  Mahdi Mir,et al.  Application of hybrid forecast engine based intelligent algorithm and feature selection for wind signal prediction , 2019, Evolving Systems.

[2]  Yunchao Song,et al.  Optimal parameter extraction of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells based on a new Harris Hawks Optimization algorithm , 2020, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects.

[3]  Martin Gilljam,et al.  Fuel cell systems for long-endurance autonomous underwater vehicles – challenges and benefits , 2020 .

[4]  Tao Ma,et al.  Impact of urban development on residents’ public transportation travel energy consumption in China: An analysis of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles alternatives , 2019, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.

[5]  Junfa Duan,et al.  Research progress on performance of fuel cell system utilized in vehicle , 2019, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.

[6]  Chong Li.  Techno-economic study of off-grid hybrid photovoltaic/battery and photovoltaic/battery/fuel cell power systems in Kunming, China , 2018, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects.

[7]  Venkateswarlu Velisala,et al.  A review on energy allocation of fuel cell/battery/ultracapacitor for hybrid electric vehicles , 2018, International Journal of Energy Research.

[8]  V. Hacker,et al.  Fuel cells and hydrogen : from fundamentals to applied research , 2018 .

[9]  Mehdi Hosseinzadeh,et al.  A framework to expedite joint energy-reserve payment cost minimization using a custom-designed method based on Mixed Integer Genetic Algorithm , 2018, Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell..

[10]  M. A. Raso,et al.  Autonomous underwater vehicles powered by fuel cells: Design guidelines , 2018 .

[11]  Haiguo Tang,et al.  A new wind power prediction method based on ridgelet transforms, hybrid feature selection and closed-loop forecasting , 2018, Adv. Eng. Informatics.

[12]  Noradin Ghadimi,et al.  Optimal preventive maintenance policy for electric power distribution systems based on the fuzzy AHP methods , 2016, Complex..

[13]  Yung-Chia Hsiao,et al.  Development of a 20 kW generic hybrid fuel cell power system for small ships and underwater vehicles , 2014 .

[14]  Teresa J. Leo,et al.  Current State of Technology of Fuel Cell Power Systems for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles , 2014 .

[15]  Mohsen Mohammadi,et al.  A new multiobjective allocator of capacitor banks and distributed generations using a new investigated differential evolution , 2014, Complex..

[16]  Jianqiu Li,et al.  Multi-mode control strategy for fuel cell electric vehicles regarding fuel economy and durability , 2014 .

[17]  Frano Barbir,et al.  PEM Fuel Cells: Theory and Practice , 2012 .

[18]  Juan Li,et al.  Reviews of power systems and environmental energy conversion for unmanned underwater vehicles , 2012 .

[19]  Q. Cai,et al.  A sizing-design methodology for hybrid fuel cell power systems and its application to an unmanned underwater vehicle , 2010 .

[20]  Yuanyuan Zhao,et al.  Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation , 2010, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[21]  D. Brett,et al.  Solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine hybrid system analysis for high-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles , 2008 .

[22]  Christopher D. Dudfield,et al.  Environmentally friendly power sources for aerospace applications , 2008 .

[23]  Yuedong Zhan,et al.  Intelligent uninterruptible power supply system with back-up fuel cell/battery hybrid power source , 2008 .

[24]  Frano Barbir,et al.  Status and development of PEM fuel cell technology , 2008 .

[25]  Phatiphat Thounthong,et al.  Control Strategy of Fuel Cell and Supercapacitors Association for a Distributed Generation System , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[26]  Nigel P. Brandon,et al.  Feasibility study and techno-economic analysis of an SOFC/battery hybrid system for vehicle applications , 2007 .

[27]  Nigel P. Brandon,et al.  System modelling and integration of an intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell and ZEBRA battery for automotive applications , 2006 .

[28]  Nils Størkersen,et al.  Power sources for autonomous underwater vehicles , 2006 .

[29]  James F. Miller,et al.  Key challenges and recent progress in batteries, fuel cells, and hydrogen storage for clean energy systems , 2006 .

[30]  Nigel P. Brandon,et al.  Concept and system design for a ZEBRA battery-intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell hybrid vehicle , 2006 .

[31]  Hewu Wang,et al.  Electric power system for a Chinese fuel cell city bus , 2006 .

[32]  Anders Folkesson,et al.  Fuel cell buses in the Stockholm CUTE project—First experiences from a climate perspective , 2005 .

[33]  Hiroshi Yoshida,et al.  Performance of the fuel cell underwater vehicle URASHIMA , 2005 .

[34]  K.E. Swider-Lyons,et al.  Technical issues and opportunities for fuel cell development for autonomous underwater vehicles , 2002, Proceedings of the 2002 Workshop on Autonomous Underwater Vehicles, 2002..

[35]  Michel Cassir,et al.  Prospects of different fuel cell technologies for vehicle applications , 2002 .

[36]  Bruce Lin,et al.  Conceptual design and modeling of a fuel cell scooter for urban Asia , 2000 .

[37]  Michael Mangan,et al.  Alkaline fuel cells for road traction , 1999 .

[38]  Richard D. Sickenberger,et al.  Large-Scale Energy Delivery to Enable Persistent Monitoring Subsea , 2019 .

[39]  Noradin Ghadimi,et al.  Concordant controllers based on FACTS and FPSS for solving wide-area in multi-machine power system , 2016, Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems.

[40]  F. da Silva,et al.  Electric power systems (review of "HVDC Transmission: Power Conversion Applications in Power Systems; Kim, C.-K., et al; 2009) [Book News] , 2010, IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine.

[41]  Kevin Davies,et al.  UUV FCEPS Technology Assessment and Design Process , 2006 .

[42]  Lino Guzzella,et al.  Optimal power management of an experimental fuel cell/supercapacitor-powered hybrid vehicle , 2005 .