Influence of fishers’ behaviour on the catchability of surface tuna schools in the Venezuelan purse-seiner fishery in the Caribbean Sea

The influence of Venezuelan skippers' behaviour on the catchability of surface tuna schools was modelled using logistic regressions. Data obtained from observers onboard purse seiners indicated that fishers' fine-scale decisions, such as chasing and setting a school, were influenced by (i) the skipper's skill, ( ii) the fishing equipment used (e.g., whether a bird radar was used or not), (iii) the features of the tuna school, and (iv) some environmental factors. The connections among the decisions related to the fishing process and these variables were synthesized in a causal network approach. Results clearly showed that schools (i) composed by fishes under 2 kg and (ii) where biomass was lower than 5 metric tons were disregarded by fishers. Because fishers used these thresholds to decide when to set the net, modifications in their behaviour over the years may introduce serious biases in the analysis of any catch rate and abundance relationship. An average daily activity record of a purse seiner shows the proportion of time spent in searching and in setting activities and highlights the impact that the use of new fishing equipment may have on fishing power. Resume : L'impact du comportement des capitaines venezueliens sur la capturabilite des bancs de thons en surface a ete modelisee a l'aide de regressions logistiques. Les donnees recueillies par des observateurs a bord des senneurs, permettent de relier les decisions des pecheurs, telles que la poursuite du banc et le coup de filet, ( i) au savoir-faire du capitaine, (ii) a l'utilisation de certains equipements technologiques (par ex., le radar a oiseaux), ( iii) aux caracteristiques du banc de thons et (iv) a quelques facteurs environnementaux. Les relations entre les decisions impliquees dans le processus de peche et ces facteurs ont ete synthetisees a l'aide d'un reseau causal. Ce travail met clairement en evidence que les bancs (i) composes d'individus de moins de 2 kg et (ii) de biomasse inferieure a 5 tonnes etaient delaisses par les pecheurs. L'existence de ces seuils dans la decision de tenter le coup de filet signifie que toutes modifications du comportement des pecheurs au cours du temps pourra introduire de serieux biais dans l'analyse des relations entre les rendements et l'abondance. Un resume de l'activite journaliere d'un senneur met en evidence le temps passe lors des phases de recherche du poisson et de sa capture et souligne le role des nouveaux equipements dans l'augmentation des puissances de peche.

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