dpp induces mesodermal gene expression in Drosophila

INDUCTIVE interactions between germ layers are an essential feature of the development of many organisms. In several species these interactions are mediated by members of the transforming growth factor-ß (TGFß) family1,2. In amphibians, different concen-trations of activin can induce different types of mesoderm in the animal cap assay3–5. In Drosophila, a member of the TGFß family, decapentaplegic (dpp) 6,7 acts as an inductive signal. Midway through embryogenesis, dpp is expressed in the visceral mesoderm, and enhances the expression of the homeotic gene labial in the underlying midgut endoderm8,9. Earlier in development, however, dpp expression is limited to the dorsal ectoderm10. At this stage in development, thickveim, a dpp receptor11–13, is expressed in the mesoderm12,13, and this suggests that ectodermal dpp might not only be required for development of dorsal ectoderm14,15, but could also act inductively to mediate pattern formation in the underlying mesoderm. Here we show, by expressing dpp ectopicaUy in the ectoderm and mesoderm and by examining dpp null mutant embryos, that dpp regulates expression of mesodermal genes.

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