Environmental Hybrid Solution for Energy Optimization in Water Supply Systems
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Water supply systems (WSS) frequently present high-energy consumption values, which correspond to the major expenses of these systems. Energy costs are a function of its real consumption and of the variability of the daily tariff. An optimization model for the energy efficiency in a water supply system was developed. The system is composed by a pumping branch and a gravity one which presents excess of available energy. An optimization method to define the best pump operation planning is analyzed, as well as the economic benefits resulting from the profit of wind energy to supply the water pumping in order to minimize operational costs, while the system constraints and population demands have to be satisfied. The model, developed in MATLAB, provides the best solution in terms of system efficiency. The rules obtained as output from the optimization process are subsequently introduced in a hydraulic simulator in order to verify the system behaviour along the simulation period. The implementation of an energy production component in water supply systems is a solution that intends to increase the energy deficit by using renewable local available resources. The introduction of the water turbine also generates significant economical benefits which cannot be neglected.