Multifunctional composite structures for space applications

The unique combination of composite structures, SMA actuators and optical fiber sensors provides an opportunity to obtain lightweight adaptive structures for spacecraft with increased reliability and reduced payload resources. In particular, by taking advantage of the mechanical properties of certain classes of asymmetric laminated composite structures, it is possible to design and fabricate structures that possess a multitude of stable shapes. Very little energy is required to force the structure to move from one stable shape to another, and the inherent stability of the structure means that the applied energy can be removed immediately upon actuation. This conserves power and makes this class of materials uniquely adaptable to space applications, where power for actuators is at a premium. We will describe the results of a two-year program to fabricate such a structure, instrument it with optical fiber sensors, and qualify it for launch on the MightySat II.1 satellite.